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Suicide risk assessment and prediction.

A T Beck1, M E Weishaar

  • 1Dept. of Psychiatry, Univ. of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 19104.

Crisis
|November 1, 1990
PubMed
Summary

Cognitive therapy research identified hopelessness as a key predictor of suicide. A score of nine on the Beck Hopelessness Scale may indicate future suicide risk.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Psychiatry
  • Clinical Psychology

Background:

  • Cognitive therapy research has advanced the understanding of suicidal behaviors.
  • Key developments include a taxonomy of suicidal behaviors and scales for assessing suicidal ideation and intent.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a model of suicidal wishes and behavior.
  • To highlight hopelessness as a critical psychological variable in suicide prediction.

Main Methods:

  • Review of cognitive therapy research findings.
  • Analysis of prospective studies involving inpatients and outpatients.
  • Evaluation of the Beck Hopelessness Scale.

Main Results:

  • Hopelessness is established as a significant suicide risk factor.
  • Prospective studies strongly support the link between hopelessness and suicide.
  • A cutoff score of nine on the Beck Hopelessness Scale predicts eventual suicide.

Conclusions:

  • Hopelessness is a key cognitive factor in suicide prediction.
  • The Beck Hopelessness Scale is a valuable tool for assessing suicide risk.
  • Further research should explore other cognitive factors associated with suicidal behavior.

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