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Related Concept Videos

Functional Classification of Joints01:09

Functional Classification of Joints

Functional Classification of Joints
The functional classification of joints is determined by the amount of mobility between the adjacent bones. Joints are functionally classified as a synarthrosis or immobile joint, an amphiarthrosis or slightly moveable joint, or as a diarthrosis, a freely moveable joint. Fibrous and cartilaginous joints can be functionally classified as either synarthroses  or amphiarthroses, whereas all synovial joints are classified as diarthroses.
Synarthrosis
An immobile...
Knee Joint01:23

Knee Joint

The knee joint is the most complicated joint in the body. It consists of three articulations– two tibiofemoral and one patellofemoral. As is characteristic of synovial joints, the knee joint has a thin articular capsule that partially surrounds this joint cavity. Additionally, several ligaments, muscles, and cartilaginous structures support the movement of the knee.
A total of seven ligaments support the knee joint. The patellar ligament, which is also attached to the quadriceps femoris group...
Development of the Limb Synovial Joints01:07

Development of the Limb Synovial Joints

Joints form during embryonic development in conjunction with the formation and growth of the associated bones. The embryonic tissue that gives rise to all bones, cartilage, and connective tissues of the body is called mesenchyme.
The mesenchymal stem cells differentiate into chondrocytes that form the hyaline cartilage, and later the cartilaginous model of the bone. This model further transforms into a bone. This process is known as endochondral ossification.
During development, the limbs...
Ankle Joint01:10

Ankle Joint

The ankle is formed by the talocrural joint (crural = leg). It consists of the articulations between the talus bone of the foot and the distal ends of the tibia and fibula of the leg. The superior aspect of the talus bone is square-shaped and has three areas of articulation. The top of the talus articulates with the inferior tibia. This is the portion of the ankle joint that carries the body weight between the leg and foot. The sides of the talus are firmly held in position by the articulations...
Joints01:26

Joints

Joints, also called articulations or articular surfaces, are points at which ligaments or other tissues connect adjacent bones. Joints permit movement and stability, and can be classified based on their structure or function.
Structural joint classifications are based on the material that makes up the joint as well as whether or not the joint contains a space between the bones. Joints are structurally classified as fibrous, cartilaginous, or synovial.
Fibrous Joints Are Immovable
The bones of a...
Structural Joints: Synovial Joints01:16

Structural Joints: Synovial Joints

Synovial joints are the most common type of joint in the body. A key structural characteristic for a synovial joint is the presence of a joint cavity. This fluid-filled space is where the articulating surfaces of the bones contact each other. Also, unlike fibrous or cartilaginous joints, the articulating bone surfaces at a synovial joint are not directly connected to each other with fibrous connective tissue or cartilage. This gives the bones of a synovial joint the ability to move smoothly...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 9, 2026

The Transition to an Anterior-Based Muscle Sparing Approach Improves Early Postoperative Function but is Associated with a Learning Curve
09:51

The Transition to an Anterior-Based Muscle Sparing Approach Improves Early Postoperative Function but is Associated with a Learning Curve

Published on: September 7, 2022

The compromise between motion preservation and arthrodesis.

Nelson S Saldua1, James S Harrop

  • 1Department of Neurosurgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA.

The Spine Journal : Official Journal of the North American Spine Society
|August 28, 2010
PubMed
Summary

This study evaluated the Dynesys posterior spinal stabilization system in nonhuman primates. The preclinical findings support its potential for spinal fusion and stabilization applications.

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Autologous Microfractured and Purified Adipose Tissue for Arthroscopic Management of Osteochondral Lesions of the Talus
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Autologous Microfractured and Purified Adipose Tissue for Arthroscopic Management of Osteochondral Lesions of the Talus

Published on: January 23, 2018

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 9, 2026

The Transition to an Anterior-Based Muscle Sparing Approach Improves Early Postoperative Function but is Associated with a Learning Curve
09:51

The Transition to an Anterior-Based Muscle Sparing Approach Improves Early Postoperative Function but is Associated with a Learning Curve

Published on: September 7, 2022

Autologous Microfractured and Purified Adipose Tissue for Arthroscopic Management of Osteochondral Lesions of the Talus
07:24

Autologous Microfractured and Purified Adipose Tissue for Arthroscopic Management of Osteochondral Lesions of the Talus

Published on: January 23, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Spinal surgery
  • Biomechanical engineering
  • Orthopedic research

Background:

  • The Dynesys posterior spinal stabilization system is a novel device designed to provide dynamic stability to the spine.
  • Preclinical models are crucial for evaluating the safety and efficacy of new spinal implants before human trials.

Discussion:

  • The nonhuman primate model offers a relevant biological system for assessing spinal implant performance due to anatomical and physiological similarities to humans.
  • Evaluation focused on biomechanical stability, bone integration, and potential adverse effects of the Dynesys system.

Key Insights:

  • The Dynesys system demonstrated promising results in maintaining spinal stability and promoting bony fusion in the preclinical setting.
  • No significant adverse tissue reactions or implant failures were observed in the primate model.

Outlook:

  • These preclinical findings warrant further clinical investigation of the Dynesys system for treating spinal pathologies.
  • Further research should focus on long-term outcomes and comparative effectiveness against existing spinal stabilization techniques.