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Related Concept Videos

Autism Spectrum Disorder01:19

Autism Spectrum Disorder

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition marked by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction alongside restrictive and repetitive behaviors or interests. ASD is sometimes accompanied by intellectual impairment.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
Modeling in Therapy01:26

Modeling in Therapy

Modeling, a key technique in therapy, uses observational learning to help clients acquire and practice new skills by watching therapists demonstrate desired behaviors. This approach, rooted in Albert Bandura's concept of vicarious learning, plays a significant role in therapeutic interventions for various psychological conditions, including social anxiety, ADHD, and depression.
Participant Modeling
Participant modeling involves therapists demonstrating calm and effective behaviors in situations...
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder01:30

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It affects approximately 5-8% of children globally, with around 60-70% of cases persisting into adulthood. ADHD has significant implications for educational attainment, social interactions, and occupational success.
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings.
Information Processing Approach01:30

Information Processing Approach

The information-processing theory of cognitive development centers on fundamental mental processes, including attention, memory, and problem-solving skills. Researchers in this field examine how cognitive abilities, such as working memory, evolve and influence children's overall development. Studies indicate that children with stronger working memory tend to excel in reading comprehension, math, and problem-solving compared to peers with less efficient memory skills. Low working memory is also...
Self-Regulation01:25

Self-Regulation

Self-regulation, also known as self-control, encompasses a range of cognitive and behavioral processes that allow individuals to adjust their internal states and outward actions to align with socially acceptable norms and long-term goals. It plays a fundamental role in adaptive functioning, from resisting impulsive behaviors to persisting through challenging tasks. While its benefits are widely recognized, self-regulation is not limitless. Muraven and Baumeister's theory posits that...
Revisionist Views of Adolescent and Adult Cognition01:24

Revisionist Views of Adolescent and Adult Cognition

A revisionist approach to Jean Piaget's theory of cognitive development has brought new insights that challenge and reinterpret his established ideas. Piaget proposed that the formal operational stage, emerging in adolescence, represents the culmination of cognitive maturity. During this stage, individuals are said to develop abstract thinking, engage in systematic problem-solving, and show a form of egocentrism, believing others are as preoccupied with their behavior as they are themselves.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 9, 2026

Testing Sensory and Multisensory Function in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
09:13

Testing Sensory and Multisensory Function in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

Published on: April 22, 2015

Executive function in individuals with subthreshold autism traits.

Shawn E Christ1, Stephen M Kanne, Angela M Reiersen

  • 1Department of Psychological Sciences, 210 McAlester Hall, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65203, USA. christse@missouri.edu

Neuropsychology
|September 1, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Individuals with higher autistic traits, even without an Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) diagnosis, experience executive control difficulties. These challenges persist even when accounting for Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) symptoms.

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Probing the Brain in Autism Using fMRI and Diffusion Tensor Imaging
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Probing the Brain in Autism Using fMRI and Diffusion Tensor Imaging

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 9, 2026

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Probing the Brain in Autism Using fMRI and Diffusion Tensor Imaging
12:21

Probing the Brain in Autism Using fMRI and Diffusion Tensor Imaging

Published on: September 12, 2011

Area of Science:

  • Neurodevelopmental disorders
  • Cognitive psychology

Background:

  • Subthreshold autism symptomatology is linked to psychosocial difficulties.
  • The cognitive profile of individuals with subthreshold autism is less understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate executive control in young adults with high autistic traits but no Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) diagnosis.
  • To examine the relationship between autistic traits and executive control difficulties.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function (BRIEF).
  • Assessed 66 individuals with high and 28 with low subthreshold autism symptomatology.
  • Accounted for Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) symptomatology.

Main Results:

  • Autism traits significantly predicted executive function levels, even after controlling for ADHD.
  • Executive control impairments were observed across most domains.
  • Inhibitory control and organization of materials were areas not significantly affected.

Conclusions:

  • Findings support the link between Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) traits and executive control impairment.
  • Both ASD and ADHD traits uniquely contribute to executive control profiles in individuals with subthreshold autism.
  • Accounting for ADHD is crucial when studying ASD.