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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 9, 2026

Ferric Chloride-induced Canine Carotid Artery Thrombosis: A Large Animal Model of Vascular Injury

Ferric Chloride-induced Canine Carotid Artery Thrombosis: A Large Animal Model of Vascular Injury

Published on: September 7, 2018

Barium toxicosis in a dog.

Fiona H Adam¹, Peter J M Noble, Simon T Swift

¹Small Animal Teaching Hospital, University of Liverpool, Leahurst, Cheshire CH64 7TE, England. F.H.Adam@liv.ac.uk

Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association

|September 3, 2010

Summary

This case study details the first reported instance of barium toxicosis in veterinary medicine. Prompt treatment of this rare condition in dogs can lead to recovery, even with severe hypokalemia.

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Last Updated: Jun 9, 2026

Ferric Chloride-induced Canine Carotid Artery Thrombosis: A Large Animal Model of Vascular Injury

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Published on: September 7, 2018

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Published on: November 27, 2016

Area of Science:

Veterinary Toxicology
Canine Medicine
Environmental Health

Background:

Barium toxicosis is a rare condition with limited veterinary literature.
Understanding its effects on animals is crucial for diagnosis and treatment.

Observation:

A Shetland Sheepdog presented with acute collapse, severe hypokalemia, and neurological deficits.
Clinical signs included tachypnea, flaccid paralysis, respiratory failure, ventricular arrhythmias, and acidemia.
Elevated plasma and urine barium concentrations confirmed barium toxicosis.

Findings:

Intravenous fluids and potassium supplementation led to rapid clinical recovery.
While plasma barium levels decreased, they remained elevated post-treatment.
This case highlights the potential for barium toxicosis to cause life-threatening hypokalemia.

Implications:

Barium toxicosis should be considered in animals presenting with hypokalemia and compatible clinical signs.
Early diagnosis and supportive care are critical for a positive prognosis.
This study expands the understanding of barium toxicity in veterinary patients.