Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Delivery Pathways to the Lysosome01:36

Delivery Pathways to the Lysosome

Eukaryotic cells use different mechanisms to eliminate toxic waste obsolete and worn-out substances. Lysosomes play a pivotal role in this, and hence, these substances are carried to the lysosome from other parts of the cell and extracellular space through different pathways. The most elaborately studied pathways to the lysosome are the endocytic pathways.
Endocytosis
In endocytosis, the cell membrane takes up macromolecules and particles from the surrounding medium. Clathrin-mediated...
Autophagy01:27

Autophagy

Autophagy is a self-digesting process by which a cell protects itself from threats both within and outside the cell, ranging from abnormal proteins to invading bacteria. In this process, obsolete components of the cell and invading microbes are degraded by hydrolytic enzymes active in an acidic environment of the lysosomal lumen.
An autophagic pathway consists of a series of signaling events activated in response to diverse stress and physiological conditions such as food deprivation,...
Autophagic Cell Death01:18

Autophagic Cell Death

Christian de Duve discovered “autophagy,” a process in which cellular components are engulfed by membrane-bound organelles called autophagosomes. The autophagosomes then fuse with lysosomes to digest the enclosed contents. Autophagy is generally activated in cells to prevent cell death. However, cell death is triggered when the damage is beyond repair.
Autophagy and Apoptosis
Autophagy can activate apoptosis. In normal conditions, the autophagy activating protein Beclin-1 and pro-apoptotic...
Cellular Injury V: Apoptosis and Autophagy01:22

Cellular Injury V: Apoptosis and Autophagy

Cells respond to damage and stress through highly coordinated processes that decide whether they survive or undergo controlled self-destruction. Two major pathways involved in this regulation are apoptosis, a type of programmed cell death, and autophagy, a survival mechanism that helps cells adapt to adverse conditions.ApoptosisApoptosis removes aged or injured cells to maintain tissue balance. During this process, the cell shrinks, chromatin condenses and fragments, and membrane-bound...
Regulated Protein Degradation02:58

Regulated Protein Degradation

It is vital to regulate the activity of enzymatic as well as non-enzymatic proteins inside the cell. This can be achieved either through creating a balance between their rate of synthesis and degradation or regulating the intrinsic activity of the protein. Both these regulation mechanisms play an essential role in the normal functioning of cells.
Protein degradation plays two important roles in the cells. It helps to protect cells from misfolded or damaged proteins before they lead to a...
Regulated Protein Degradation02:58

Regulated Protein Degradation

It is vital to regulate the activity of enzymatic as well as non-enzymatic proteins inside the cell. This can be achieved either through creating a balance between their rate of synthesis and degradation or regulating the intrinsic activity of the protein. Both these regulation mechanisms play an essential role in the normal functioning of cells.
Protein degradation plays two important roles in the cells. It helps to protect cells from misfolded or damaged proteins before they lead to a...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

The Path to Independence: Progression in Entrustment Reflected in Entrustable Professional Activity Ratings.

Annals of surgery·2026
Same author

A breast cancer look-alike in primary care: Diagnosing idiopathic granulomatous mastitis.

Journal of family medicine and primary care·2026
Same author

Oncolytic adenoviral infection of chordoma achieves treatment efficacy associated with immunologic response and tumor microenvironmental alteration.

Neuro-oncology·2026
Same author

Clinical and translational progress in oncolytic virotherapy for pediatric CNS tumors.

Journal of neuro-oncology·2026
Same author

Systemic Immune Correlates of Long-term Survival after Delta-24-RGD Based on the Therapeutic Adenovirus for Recurrent Glioblastoma Effect Trial (TARGET).

Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research·2026
Same author

Treatment of Friction Injury Using Enzymatic Debridement and Autologous Skin Cell Suspension.

Journal of burn care & research : official publication of the American Burn Association·2026
Same journal

Editor's Note: Heterodimerization of Insulin-like Growth Factor Receptor/Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor and Induction of Survivin Expression Counteract the Antitumor Action of Erlotinib.

Cancer research·2026
Same journal

Editor's Note: Deguelin Analogue SH-1242 Inhibits Hsp90 Activity and Exerts Potent Anticancer Efficacy with Limited Neurotoxicity.

Cancer research·2026
Same journal

Retraction: Two Functional Epitopes of Pigment Epithelial-Derived Factor Block Angiogenesis and Induce Differentiation in Prostate Cancer.

Cancer research·2026
Same journal

Editor's Note: Chronic Stress Facilitates Lung Tumorigenesis by Promoting Exocytosis of IGF2 in Lung Epithelial Cells.

Cancer research·2026
Same journal

MIF-CD74 Signaling Defines a Brain-Specific Immune Vulnerability in Metastasis and Neurologic Disease.

Cancer research·2026
Same journal

Forging New Pathways in Oncology: Strategic Insights from the 17th Annual Frontiers in Cancer Science Conference.

Cancer research·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 9, 2026

Study of Protein-protein Interactions in Autophagy Research
14:08

Study of Protein-protein Interactions in Autophagy Research

Published on: September 9, 2017

The RB-E2F1 pathway regulates autophagy.

Hong Jiang1, Vanesa Martin, Candelaria Gomez-Manzano

  • 1Brain Tumor Center, Departments of Carcinogenesis, and Hematopathology, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA. hjiang@mdanderson.org

Cancer Research
|September 3, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The retinoblastoma protein (RB) triggers cellular autophagy, a protective process, by inhibiting E2F1 activity. This discovery reveals a new tumor suppressor role for RB, impacting cancer therapy.

More Related Videos

Exploring the Regulation of Lipid Droplet Catabolism through Lipophagy
07:20

Exploring the Regulation of Lipid Droplet Catabolism through Lipophagy

Published on: January 31, 2025

Assessing Autophagic Flux by Measuring LC3, p62, and LAMP1 Co-localization Using Multispectral Imaging Flow Cytometry
11:39

Assessing Autophagic Flux by Measuring LC3, p62, and LAMP1 Co-localization Using Multispectral Imaging Flow Cytometry

Published on: July 21, 2017

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 9, 2026

Study of Protein-protein Interactions in Autophagy Research
14:08

Study of Protein-protein Interactions in Autophagy Research

Published on: September 9, 2017

Exploring the Regulation of Lipid Droplet Catabolism through Lipophagy
07:20

Exploring the Regulation of Lipid Droplet Catabolism through Lipophagy

Published on: January 31, 2025

Assessing Autophagic Flux by Measuring LC3, p62, and LAMP1 Co-localization Using Multispectral Imaging Flow Cytometry
11:39

Assessing Autophagic Flux by Measuring LC3, p62, and LAMP1 Co-localization Using Multispectral Imaging Flow Cytometry

Published on: July 21, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Cellular Biology
  • Molecular Oncology
  • Cancer Research

Background:

  • Autophagy is a cellular survival mechanism under stress.
  • Autophagy acts as a tumor suppressor pathway.
  • Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors (CDKIs) are known to induce autophagy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if the retinoblastoma protein (RB), a key tumor suppressor, induces autophagy.
  • To elucidate the role of RB in regulating autophagy and its connection to E2F transcription factors.

Main Methods:

  • Investigated RB's effect on autophagy induction.
  • Utilized RB activators (p16INK4a, p27/kip1) to study RB-dependent autophagy.
  • Examined the interaction between RB and E2 transcription factor (E2F) in autophagy regulation.
  • Assessed the impact of E2F1 downregulation on autophagy levels.

Main Results:

  • Retinoblastoma protein (RB) was found to trigger autophagy.
  • RB activators p16INK4a and p27/kip1 induced autophagy in an RB-dependent manner.
  • RB binding to E2 transcription factor (E2F) is essential for autophagy induction.
  • E2F1 antagonizes RB-induced autophagy, promoting apoptosis.
  • Downregulation of E2F1 leads to increased autophagy levels.

Conclusions:

  • RB induces autophagy by repressing E2F1 activity.
  • This RB function represents a novel tumor suppressor mechanism.
  • The findings have potential implications for cancer development and therapeutic strategies.