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Updated: Jun 9, 2026

Measuring the Influence of Magnetic Vestibular Stimulation on Nystagmus, Self-Motion Perception, and Cognitive Performance in a 7T MRT
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Published on: March 3, 2023

Vestibular migraine.

Michael Strupp1, Maurizio Versino, Thomas Brandt

  • 1Department of Neurology and Integrated Center for Research and Treatment of Vertigo, Dizziness and Ocular Motor Disorders, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Münich, Germany. Michael.Strupp@med.uni-muenchen.de

Handbook of Clinical Neurology
|September 7, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Vestibular migraine is a common cause of episodic vertigo, often presenting without headache. Further research is needed to confirm effective treatments for this complex condition.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Otolaryngology
  • Neuro-otology

Background:

  • Vestibular migraine is a challenging episodic vertigo syndrome with varied clinical presentations.
  • It is the most frequent cause of spontaneous recurrent episodic vertigo, affecting about 10% of dizziness patients.
  • Women are more frequently affected, with symptom onset possible at any life stage.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight vestibular migraine as a distinct clinical entity.
  • To discuss diagnostic challenges, differentiating it from Meniere's disease and vestibular paroxysmia.
  • To advocate for its inclusion in the International Headache Classification of Headache Disorders (ICHD).

Main Methods:

  • Review of clinical manifestations and diagnostic criteria for vestibular migraine.
  • Comparison with other episodic vertigo syndromes.
  • Assessment of current treatment efficacy and evidence base.

Main Results:

  • Vestibular migraine attacks vary in duration (seconds to days) and presentation (with or without headache).
  • Approximately one-third of patients experience vertigo/dizziness without other migraine symptoms.
  • Nystagmus is common during attacks, with minor deficits in the attack-free interval.

Conclusions:

  • Vestibular migraine is a prevalent cause of vertigo, necessitating clear diagnostic criteria.
  • It should be classified separately within the ICHD, distinct from other migraine subtypes and benign paroxysmal vertigo.
  • Robust evidence for antimigrainous treatments is lacking, requiring randomized controlled trials.