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The Peruvian diaspora: portrait of a migratory process
1University of Guadalajar.
Latin American Perspectives
|September 10, 2010
Summary
Peru has experienced massive emigration since the 1990s, with a growing trend of older, educated individuals seeking opportunities abroad. This multiclass phenomenon acts as an escape valve for the nation's persistent crises.
Area of Science:
- Sociology
- Demography
- Migration Studies
Background:
- Peru has transformed into a major emigrant nation since the 1980s, with significant population increases observed in the United States, Japan, and Spain over the last decade.
- A complex interplay of economic restructuring, prolonged terrorism, and governmental instability has profoundly impacted Peruvian society.
Observation:
- A household survey in five localities (three urban, two rural) near Lima investigated the characteristics of Peruvian emigration.
- The study identified unique patterns distinguishing Peruvian international migration from typical global trends.
Findings:
- Peruvian emigration disproportionately includes older and more educated individuals compared to general international migration patterns.
- Emigration from Peru targets a diverse range of global destinations, indicating varied motivations and networks.
- International migration serves as a significant coping mechanism, or 'escape valve,' for societal pressures within Peru.
Implications:
- Understanding these emigration dynamics is crucial for developing targeted social and economic policies in Peru.
- The findings offer insights into the social and economic drivers of migration in developing nations facing multifaceted crises.
- Further research can explore the long-term impacts of this specific migration pattern on both Peru and host countries.
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