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Isolation and Quantification of Epstein-Barr Virus from the P3HR1 Cell Line
Published on: September 28, 2022
Epstein-Barr virus and multiple sclerosis: cellular immune response and cross-reactivity
J William Lindsey1, Landon M Hatfield
1Department of Neurology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA. John.w.lindsey@uth.tmc.edu
Journal of Neuroimmunology
|September 10, 2010
Summary
Cellular immunity to Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is similar in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients and controls. This study found no increased or decreased T cell response against EBV-infected cells in MS.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Neuroimmunology
- Virology
Background:
- Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection is a known risk factor for multiple sclerosis (MS).
- The role of T cell immunity against EBV in the pathogenesis of MS remains unclear.
- Investigating potential cross-reactivity between EBV-specific T cells and central nervous system (CNS) antigens is crucial.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate T cell immunity to Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS).
- To assess the cross-reactivity of the anti-EBV cellular immune response with brain antigens in MS patients.
- To compare EBV-specific T cell responses between MS patients and healthy controls.
Main Methods:
- Measured T cell proliferation, cytotoxicity, and interferon-γ secretion.
- Stimulated cells with autologous EBV-infected lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCL).
- Compared responses in MS patients and matched healthy controls; assessed LCL vs. brain antigen cross-reactivity.
Main Results:
- No statistically significant differences were observed in measured T cell responses (proliferation, cytotoxicity, IFN-γ secretion) between MS patients and controls.
- A trend towards decreased proliferative responses to EBV-infected LCL was noted in MS patients.
- No cross-reactivity was detected between EBV-infected LCL and brain antigens.
Conclusions:
- The cellular immune response against EBV-infected cells is not significantly altered in multiple sclerosis.
- The findings do not support a role for heightened or diminished T cell immunity to EBV in MS pathogenesis.
- No evidence of autoimmune cross-reactivity between EBV and brain antigens was found in this cohort.
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00:42Cross-reactivity
Overview
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Multiple sclerosis is a chronic autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that affects the brain, spinal cord, and optic nerves. It is an inflammatory demyelinating disorder and a leading cause of neurological disability in young adults.EpidemiologyMS commonly begins between 20 and 40 years of age and is twice as common in women. Its exact cause remains unclear, but genetic susceptibility contributes, with higher risk in first-degree relatives and identical twins. A greater...
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Encephalitis is inflammation of the brain parenchyma caused by direct viral invasion or immune-mediated mechanisms triggered by infections or tumors. Both processes lead to neuronal injury, disrupted neurotransmission, and diverse neurological symptoms, often with overlapping clinical and pathological features.Autoimmune EncephalitisIn autoimmune encephalitis, antibodies target neuronal antigens on cell surfaces, synapses, or within neurons. A key example is anti-NMDAR encephalitis, which can...
01:27Cytomegalovirus Disease
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) disease is caused by human cytomegalovirus, a double-stranded DNA virus of the Herpesviridae family. While primary CMV infection is often asymptomatic in immunocompetent individuals, the virus can cause severe disease in neonates and immunocompromised patients. CMV is the most common cause of congenital viral infection in the United States, and a major pathogen in solid organ and hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients.CMV is transmitted via bodily fluids, sexual...
01:24T Cell Types and Functions
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