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Related Concept Videos

MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...
MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA ends...
MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA ends...
Interactions Between Signaling Pathways01:19

Interactions Between Signaling Pathways

Signaling cascades usually lack linearity. Multiple pathways interact and regulate one another, allowing cells to integrate and respond to diverse environmental stimuli.
Convergence and divergence, and cross-talk between signaling pathways
Two distinct signaling pathways can converge on a single functional unit, which may either be a single protein or a complex of proteins. The response is either functionally distinct or synergistic between the two pathways but different from the response...
Transducer Mechanism: Nuclear Receptors01:31

Transducer Mechanism: Nuclear Receptors

Nuclear receptors, or NRs, are unique transcription factors that regulate gene transcription and affect the cellular pathways involved in reproduction, development, or metabolism. Their ability to be stimulated by small lipophilic ligands and control vital cellular processes makes them ideal drug targets. Nearly 10-15% of currently prescribed drugs target these receptors.
About 48 different soluble family members of nuclear receptors are identified that can be divided into two main classes:
Signal Transduction: Overview01:26

Signal Transduction: Overview

Cells respond to many types of information, often through receptor proteins positioned on the membrane. They respond to chemical signals, such as hormones, neurotransmitters, and other signaling molecules, initiating a series of molecular reactions to produce an appropriate response. This is called signal transduction. Cells also coordinate different responses elicited by the same signaling molecule via mediators, allowing molecular cross-talk.
Typically, signal transduction involves three...

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Multidirectional interplay between nuclear receptors and microRNAs.

Deo Prakash Pandey1, Didier Picard

  • 1Département de Biologie Cellulaire, Université de Genève, Sciences III, 30 Quai Ernest-Ansermet, CH-1211 Genève 4, Switzerland.

Current Opinion in Pharmacology
|September 11, 2010
PubMed
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This summary is machine-generated.

Nuclear receptors (NRs) and microRNAs (miRNAs) engage in complex regulatory crosstalk. This intricate network involves NRs modulating miRNA expression and processing, while miRNAs target NR mRNAs and co-regulators.

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Gene Regulation

Background:

  • Nuclear receptors (NRs) are a large superfamily of transcription factors.
  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs regulating gene expression post-transcriptionally.
  • A complex interplay exists between NRs and miRNAs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the multifaceted regulatory interactions between nuclear receptors and microRNAs.
  • To describe the reciprocal modulation of gene expression and signaling pathways.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of NR-miRNA interactions at transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels.
  • Investigating miRNA targeting of NR mRNAs, co-regulators, and target genes.
  • Mapping feedback and feedforward regulatory loops.

Main Results:

  • NRs regulate miRNA expression and processing.
  • miRNAs directly control NR protein output by targeting NR mRNAs.
  • miRNAs also target NR co-regulators and downstream target genes, influencing NR signaling.
  • Extensive feedback and feedforward regulatory networks are established.

Conclusions:

  • The NR-miRNA interaction forms a complex regulatory network.
  • This crosstalk significantly impacts cellular signaling and gene expression.
  • Understanding these networks is crucial for deciphering NR and miRNA functions.