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Related Concept Videos

Poliomyelitis01:17

Poliomyelitis

Poliomyelitis is caused by poliovirus, a small, non-enveloped, positive-sense RNA virus of the Picornaviridae family and Enterovirus genus. Transmission occurs primarily via the fecal-oral route, often through ingestion of contaminated water or food. The virus initially replicates in the oropharynx and intestinal mucosa, particularly in lymphoid tissues such as the tonsils, Peyer’s patches, and regional lymph nodes. Primary viremia follows, allowing dissemination throughout the body.In most...
Diphtheria01:28

Diphtheria

Diphtheria is an acute, toxin-mediated infectious disease that primarily affects the upper respiratory tract. It is caused by Corynebacterium diphtheriae, a Gram-positive, pleomorphic rod that lacks spore-forming capability and exhibits a characteristic club-shaped morphology under microscopic examination. While C. diphtheriae can asymptomatically colonize mucosal surfaces, clinical disease manifests only when the bacterial strain is lysogenized by a specific β-corynephage. This phage...
Viral Meningitis01:18

Viral Meningitis

Viral meningitis is the most common form of meningitis and is often referred to as aseptic meningitis to indicate the absence of bacterial involvement. It is generally milder than bacterial meningitis, with symptoms including fever, headache, stiff neck, drowsiness, nausea, photophobia, and vomiting. Rarely, more severe manifestations or death may occur. Common causative agents include enteroviruses, particularly coxsackie A and B viruses and echoviruses, all members of the Enterovirus genus...
Encephalitis l: Introduction01:19

Encephalitis l: Introduction

Encephalitis is inflammation of the brain parenchyma, most often due to infections or autoimmune processes. It presents with neuropsychiatric features such as fever, altered mental status, behavioral changes, cognitive dysfunction, seizures, focal deficits, and sometimes autonomic instability. In some cases, the meninges are also involved, resulting in meningoencephalitis.Infectious CausesInfectious encephalitis is most commonly viral but can also result from bacterial, fungal, or parasitic...
Myocarditis III: Medical Management01:14

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 8, 2026

Structured Motor Rehabilitation After Selective Nerve Transfers
09:34

Structured Motor Rehabilitation After Selective Nerve Transfers

Published on: August 15, 2019

Partial third nerve palsy after Measles Mumps Rubella vaccination.

Francesca Manzotti, Chiara Menozzi, Maria R Porta

    Italian Journal of Pediatrics
    |September 14, 2010
    PubMed
    Summary

    Measles, Mumps, and Rubella (MMR) vaccination can rarely cause serious adverse events, including oculomotor palsy. While vaccines are safe, healthcare providers should monitor for potential neurological complications.

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Jun 8, 2026

    Structured Motor Rehabilitation After Selective Nerve Transfers
    09:34

    Structured Motor Rehabilitation After Selective Nerve Transfers

    Published on: August 15, 2019

    Area of Science:

    • Pediatric Neurology
    • Vaccine Safety
    • Immunology

    Background:

    • Measles, Mumps, and Rubella (MMR) vaccination is associated with rare but serious adverse events, including neurological disorders.
    • Cranial nerve palsies, specifically third and sixth nerve palsies, are among the documented neurological complications.

    Observation:

    • A case study details a partial, recurrent oculomotor palsy in a young child following MMR vaccination.
    • The palsy was accompanied by systemic symptoms, indicating a potential vaccine-related adverse event.

    Findings:

    • The oculomotor palsy in this case did not achieve full recovery during the observation period.
    • This highlights the possibility of persistent neurological deficits after MMR vaccination.

    Implications:

    • While MMR vaccination significantly reduces measles, mumps, and rubella infections, awareness of potential serious adverse events is crucial.
    • Pediatricians and public health officials must remain vigilant for and informed about these rare neurological complications.