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Altered Brain Glucose Consumption in Cogan's Syndrome.

Paolo Mora¹, Livia Ruffini², Caterina Ghetti³

¹Institute of Ophthalmology, University Hospital of Parma, Parma, Italy.

Journal of Ophthalmology

|January 5, 2017

Summary

This study found altered brain glucose metabolism in Cogan

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Area of Science:

Neurology
Nuclear Medicine
Immunology

Background:

Cogan's syndrome (CS) is a rare autoimmune disorder affecting the eyes and inner ears.
Potential central nervous system involvement in CS is not fully understood.
Assessing brain glucose metabolism can reveal subclinical neurological dysfunction.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate alterations in cerebral metabolic rate for glucose (CMRglc) in patients with Cogan's syndrome (CS).
To compare brain glucose metabolism across different clinical subtypes of CS and related autoimmune conditions.
To evaluate the utility of FDG-PET/CT in assessing neurological involvement in CS.

Main Methods:

Prospective, controlled cohort study design.
Quantitative molecular imaging using 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography combined with computed tomography (FDG-PET/CT).
Patients categorized into typical CS, atypical CS (ACS), autoimmune inner ear disease (AIED), and a control group (CG).

Main Results:

Significant brain glucose hypometabolism was detected in all patient groups (CS, ACS, AIED) compared to controls.
The most extensive hypometabolism was observed in the typical CS group.
Altered CMRglc was present even in patients without neurological complaints or abnormal conventional neuroimaging.

Conclusions:

Cogan's syndrome, in all its subforms, is associated with significantly altered cerebral metabolic rate for glucose.
FDG-PET/CT is a valuable tool for detecting subclinical brain abnormalities in CS.
This imaging technique aids in the comprehensive assessment of patients with Cogan's syndrome.