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Related Concept Videos

Next-generation Sequencing03:00

Next-generation Sequencing

The first human genome sequencing project cost $2.7 billion and was declared complete in 2003, after 15 years of international cooperation and collaboration between several research teams and funding agencies. Today, with the advent of next-generation sequencing technologies, the cost and time of sequencing a human genome have dropped over 100 fold.
Next-Generation Sequencing Methods
Although all next-generation methods use different technologies, they all share a set of standard features.
Genome Annotation and Assembly03:36

Genome Annotation and Assembly

The genome refers to all of the genetic material in an organism. It can range from a few million base pairs in microbial cells to several billion base pairs in many eukaryotic organisms. Genome assembly refers to the process of taking the DNA sequencing data and putting it all back together in a correct order to create a close representation of the original genome. This is followed by the identification of functional elements on the newly assembled genome, a process called genome annotation.
RNA-seq03:21

RNA-seq

RNA sequencing, or RNA-Seq, is a high-throughput sequencing technology used to study the transcriptome of a cell. Transcriptomics helps to interpret the functional elements of a genome and identify the molecular constituents of an organism. Additionally, it also helps in understanding the development of an organism and the occurrence of diseases. 
Before the discovery of RNA-seq, microarray-based methods and Sanger sequencing were used for transcriptome analysis. However, while microarray-based...
Sanger Sequencing01:57

Sanger Sequencing

DNA sequencing is a fundamental technique that is routinely used in the biological sciences. This method can be applied to a range of questions at different scales - from the sequencing of a cloned DNA fragment or the study of a mutation in a gene up to whole-genome sequencing. However, despite the widespread use of sequencing today, it was not until 1977 that Fredrick Sanger and his collaborators developed the chain-termination method to decode DNA sequences. It relies on the separation of a...
Genomics02:02

Genomics

Genomics is the science of genomes: it is the study of all the genetic material of an organism. In humans, the genome consists of information carried in 23 pairs of chromosomes in the nucleus, as well as mitochondrial DNA. In genomics, both coding and non-coding DNA is sequenced and analyzed. Genomics allows a better understanding of all living things, their evolution, and their diversity. It has a myriad of uses: for example, to build phylogenetic trees, to improve productivity and...
Maxam-Gilbert Sequencing01:05

Maxam-Gilbert Sequencing

In the same year as the discovery of the Sanger sequencing method, another group of scientists, Allan Maxam and Walter Gilbert, demonstrated their chemical-cleavage method for DNA sequencing. The Maxam-Gilbert method relies on using different chemicals that can cleave the DNA sequence at specific sites, the separation of resulting DNA fragments of variable size using electrophoresis, and deciphering the DNA sequence from the resulting gel bands.
Challenges of the Maxam-Gilbert Method
The...

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Hybrid De Novo Genome Assembly for the Generation of Complete Genomes of Urinary Bacteria using Short- and Long-read Sequencing Technologies
12:08

Hybrid De Novo Genome Assembly for the Generation of Complete Genomes of Urinary Bacteria using Short- and Long-read Sequencing Technologies

Published on: August 20, 2021

Sequencing and genome assembly using next-generation technologies.

Niranjan Nagarajan1, Mihai Pop

  • 1Center for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Institute for Advanced Computer Studies and Department of Computer Science, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA.

Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.)
|September 14, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

New sequencing technologies offer higher throughput and lower costs than Sanger sequencing. This paper reviews software designed for analyzing the unique data from these next-generation sequencing platforms.

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Last Updated: Jun 8, 2026

Hybrid De Novo Genome Assembly for the Generation of Complete Genomes of Urinary Bacteria using Short- and Long-read Sequencing Technologies
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Published on: August 20, 2021

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Novel Sequence Discovery by Subtractive Genomics

Published on: January 25, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Genomics
  • Bioinformatics
  • Computational Biology

Background:

  • Traditional Sanger sequencing is being surpassed by new high-throughput, low-cost sequencing technologies.
  • Next-generation sequencing (NGS) platforms generate data with shorter read lengths and distinct error profiles compared to Sanger data.
  • Existing bioinformatics software is often inadequate for analyzing NGS data.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To survey and identify recent software packages specifically developed for analyzing next-generation sequencing data.
  • To provide researchers with an overview of available tools for handling the challenges posed by NGS data.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent scientific publications and software repositories.
  • Categorization and description of software based on their analytical capabilities for NGS data.
  • Focus on tools addressing short read lengths and unique error characteristics.

Main Results:

  • Identification of a growing number of software tools tailored for NGS data analysis.
  • Highlighting the diversity of approaches and functionalities within these new software packages.
  • Discussion of the suitability of these tools for various genomic applications.

Conclusions:

  • The landscape of bioinformatics tools for genomic data analysis is rapidly evolving.
  • Researchers must carefully select software that matches the specific requirements of next-generation sequencing data.
  • Continued development of specialized software is crucial for advancing genomic research.