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Updated: Jun 8, 2026

A Simple Cell-based Immunofluorescence Assay to Detect Autoantibody Against the N-Methyl-D-Aspartate (NMDA) Receptor in Blood
Published on: January 9, 2018
Anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis with atypical brain changes on MRI
Sophelia H S Chan1, Virginia C N Wong, Cheuk-wing Fung
1Division of Child Neurology/Developmental Paediatrics/Neurohabilitation, Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
A girl developed anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis with movement and neuropsychiatric issues. Brain imaging revealed unique white matter and pons lesions, previously undocumented in this condition.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Immunology
- Neuroscience
Background:
- Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis is an autoimmune disorder.
- It typically presents with neuropsychiatric symptoms and movement abnormalities.
Observation:
- A pediatric patient exhibited symptoms mimicking dyskinetic encephalitis lethargica.
- Clinical features included neuropsychiatric disturbances, movement disorder, mutism, sleep disturbances, and seizures.
Findings:
- Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed persistent lesions in the white matter and pons.
- These specific brain lesions have not been previously reported in NMDAR antibody encephalitis cases.
Implications:
- This case expands the known spectrum of brain pathology in NMDAR encephalitis.
- Highlights the importance of considering autoimmune encephalitis in children with complex neurological presentations.
- Suggests potential targets for future research into NMDAR encephalitis pathogenesis and treatment.
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