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Related Concept Videos

Tumor Progression02:07

Tumor Progression

Tumor progression is a phenomenon where the pre-formed tumor acquires successive mutations to become clinically more aggressive and malignant. In the 1950s, Foulds first described the stepwise progression of cancer cells through successive stages.
Colon cancer is one of the best-documented examples of tumor progression. Early mutation in the APC gene in colon cells causes a small growth on the colon wall called a polyp. With time, this polyp grows into a benign, pre-cancerous tumor. Further...
Tumor Progression02:07

Tumor Progression

Tumor progression is a phenomenon where the pre-formed tumor acquires successive mutations to become clinically more aggressive and malignant. In the 1950s, Foulds first described the stepwise progression of cancer cells through successive stages.
Colon cancer is one of the best-documented examples of tumor progression. Early mutation in the APC gene in colon cells causes a small growth on the colon wall called a polyp. With time, this polyp grows into a benign, pre-cancerous tumor. Further...
Cancers Originate from Somatic Mutations in a Single Cell02:21

Cancers Originate from Somatic Mutations in a Single Cell

Cancer arises from mutations in the critical genes that allow healthy cells to escape cell cycle regulation and acquire the ability to proliferate indefinitely. Though originating from a single mutation event in one of the originator cells, cancer progresses when the mutant cell lines continue to gain more and more mutations, and finally, become malignant. For example, chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) develops initially as a non-lethal increase in white blood cells, which progressively...
Cancers Originate from Somatic Mutations in a Single Cell02:21

Cancers Originate from Somatic Mutations in a Single Cell

Cancer arises from mutations in the critical genes that allow healthy cells to escape cell cycle regulation and acquire the ability to proliferate indefinitely. Though originating from a single mutation event in one of the originator cells, cancer progresses when the mutant cell lines continue to gain more and more mutations, and finally, become malignant. For example, chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) develops initially as a non-lethal increase in white blood cells, which progressively...
Adaptive Mechanisms in Cancer Cells02:53

Adaptive Mechanisms in Cancer Cells

Cancer cells accumulate genetic changes at an abnormally rapid rate due to the defects in the DNA repair mechanisms. From an evolutionary perspective, such genetic instability is advantageous for cancer development. Mutant cell lines accumulate a series of beneficial mutations that contribute to their progression into cancer.
Some of the advantages that cancer cells have on normal cells include - enhanced ability to divide without terminally differentiating, induce new blood vessel formation,...
Adaptive Mechanisms in Cancer Cells02:53

Adaptive Mechanisms in Cancer Cells

Cancer cells accumulate genetic changes at an abnormally rapid rate due to the defects in the DNA repair mechanisms. From an evolutionary perspective, such genetic instability is advantageous for cancer development. Mutant cell lines accumulate a series of beneficial mutations that contribute to their progression into cancer.
Some of the advantages that cancer cells have on normal cells include - enhanced ability to divide without terminally differentiating, induce new blood vessel formation,...

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Next Generation Sequencing for the Detection of Actionable Mutations in Solid and Liquid Tumors
11:15

Next Generation Sequencing for the Detection of Actionable Mutations in Solid and Liquid Tumors

Published on: September 20, 2016

Mutated genes, pathways and processes in tumours.

Anaïs Baudot1, Victor de la Torre, Alfonso Valencia

  • 1Structural Computational Biology, and National Bioinformatic Institute Unit, Structural Biology and Biocomputing Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), C/Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, Madrid E-28029, Spain.

EMBO Reports
|September 18, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Analyzing cancer gene data reveals common and tumor-specific mutations that cluster into key signaling pathways. This mapping across multiple cancer types aids in understanding cancer initiation and progression.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Genomics
  • Bioinformatics

Background:

  • Numerous cancer gene databases and large-scale tumor-resequencing studies provide extensive mutation data.
  • Identifying recurring mutations ('usual suspects') and tumor-specific alterations is crucial for understanding cancer heterogeneity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To integrate diverse cancer gene information sources.
  • To map altered signaling pathways and their combinations across more than 10 tumor types.
  • To identify research gaps and propose new hypotheses for cancer initiation and progression.

Main Methods:

  • Data integration from multiple cancer gene information sources.
  • Analysis of large-scale tumor-resequencing data.
  • Clustering of mutated genes into signaling pathways and biological processes.
  • Literature review to identify research gaps.

Main Results:

  • Identification of 'usual suspect' cancer genes mutated across many tumor types.
  • Discovery of distinct sets of mutated genes specific to different tumor types.
  • Clustering of a large number of mutated genes into a smaller set of signaling pathways and processes.
  • Creation of a map detailing altered processes and their combinations in over 10 tumor types.

Conclusions:

  • Cancer gene mutations converge into key signaling pathways, offering a simplified view of complex genomic alterations.
  • The developed map highlights research gaps, suggesting novel hypotheses for investigating cancer initiation and progression.
  • This integrated approach enhances our understanding of cancer biology and provides a framework for future research.