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Non-equilibrium in the Cell01:16

Non-equilibrium in the Cell

An important concept in studying metabolism and energy is that of chemical equilibrium. Most chemical reactions are reversible. They can proceed in both directions, releasing energy into their environment in one direction, and absorbing it from the environment in the other direction. The same is true for the chemical reactions involved in cell metabolism, such as the breaking down and building up of proteins into and from individual amino acids, respectively. Reactants within a closed system...
Positive and Negative Feedback Loops01:18

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Animal organs and organ systems constantly adjust to internal and external changes through a process called homeostasis ("steady state"). Examples of these changes include regulation of the level of glucose or calcium in the blood or internal responses to external temperatures. Homeostasis requires  maintaining an internal dynamic equilibrium:
Introduction to Chemical Reactions01:23

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All chemical reactions begin with a reactant, the general term for one or more substances entering the reaction. Sodium and chloride ions, for example, are the reactants in the production of table salt. One or more substances produced by a chemical reaction are called the product. Chemical reactions follow the law of conservation of mass, which means that matter cannot be created nor destroyed in a chemical reaction. The components of the reactants—the number of atoms and the elements—are all...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 8, 2026

Linking Predation Risk, Herbivore Physiological Stress and Microbial Decomposition of Plant Litter
10:20

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Published on: March 12, 2013

Linking stoichiometric homoeostasis with ecosystem structure, functioning and stability.

Qiang Yu1, Quansheng Chen, James J Elser

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China.

Ecology Letters
|September 21, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Stoichiometric homeostasis in grassland species consistently enhances ecosystem stability and function. This key ecological mechanism links individual species traits to overall ecosystem health and resilience.

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Area of Science:

  • Ecological stoichiometry
  • Ecosystem ecology
  • Environmental science

Background:

  • Ecosystem structure, functioning, and stability are critical areas in ecological research.
  • The precise mechanisms linking these ecosystem properties remain incompletely understood.
  • Investigating these links is crucial for understanding ecosystem dynamics.

Discussion:

  • Species-level stoichiometric homeostasis positively correlates with ecosystem dominance and stability across temporal and spatial scales.
  • Community-level stoichiometric homeostasis is generally linked to enhanced ecosystem function and stability.
  • Stoichiometric homeostasis influences biomass, productivity, and resilience.

Key Insights:

  • Stoichiometric homeostasis is a key factor driving ecosystem structure, functioning, and stability.
  • Homoeostatic species exhibit high and stable biomass, contributing to ecosystem productivity.
  • Ecosystems dominated by homoeostatic species demonstrate greater stability and function.

Outlook:

  • Further research into stoichiometric homeostasis can elucidate ecosystem resilience mechanisms.
  • Understanding these mechanisms can inform conservation and management strategies for grassland ecosystems.
  • This study provides a foundation for exploring stoichiometric homeostasis in diverse ecosystems.