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Related Concept Videos

Modeling in Therapy01:26

Modeling in Therapy

Modeling, a key technique in therapy, uses observational learning to help clients acquire and practice new skills by watching therapists demonstrate desired behaviors. This approach, rooted in Albert Bandura's concept of vicarious learning, plays a significant role in therapeutic interventions for various psychological conditions, including social anxiety, ADHD, and depression.
Participant Modeling
Participant modeling involves therapists demonstrating calm and effective behaviors in situations...
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder01:30

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It affects approximately 5-8% of children globally, with around 60-70% of cases persisting into adulthood. ADHD has significant implications for educational attainment, social interactions, and occupational success.
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings.
Operant Conditioning Intervention01:24

Operant Conditioning Intervention

Operant conditioning serves as a foundational principle in therapeutic interventions aimed at modifying maladaptive behaviors. Central to this approach is the notion that behaviors, both adaptive and maladaptive, are learned through reinforcement. By analyzing the environmental factors that reinforce problematic behaviors, clinicians can design interventions to weaken these reinforcements and replace maladaptive behaviors with healthier alternatives.
In operant conditioning, behaviors that are...
Autism Spectrum Disorder01:19

Autism Spectrum Disorder

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition marked by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction alongside restrictive and repetitive behaviors or interests. ASD is sometimes accompanied by intellectual impairment.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
Steps in the Modeling Process01:14

Steps in the Modeling Process

Albert Bandura's theory of observational learning identifies four critical processes: attention, retention, motor reproduction, and reinforcement or motivation.
Attention is the first necessary component for observational learning. It involves focusing on what the model is doing and saying. For example, if you decide to take a drawing class to enhance your skills, you need to pay close attention to the instructor's words and hand movements. The characteristics of the model significantly...
Behavior Modification01:21

Behavior Modification

Behavioral approaches have often been criticized for ignoring mental processes and focusing solely on observable behavior. However, these approaches provide an optimistic perspective for individuals seeking to change their behaviors. Rather than concentrating on intrinsic personality traits, behavioral approaches suggest that even longstanding habits can be modified by changing the reward contingencies that maintain them.
A real-world application of operant conditioning principles is applied...

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The Adventures of Fundi Intervention Based on the Cognitive and Emotional Processing in Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder Patients
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Published on: June 12, 2020

A model for play-based intervention for children with ADHD.

Reinie Cordier1, Anita Bundy, Clare Hocking

  • 1Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.

Australian Occupational Therapy Journal
|September 22, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) exhibit social play difficulties and reduced interpersonal empathy. Play-based interventions should focus on motivation, empathy, and peer inclusion for children with ADHD.

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Area of Science:

  • Child Psychology
  • Developmental Neuroscience
  • Special Education

Background:

  • Play is crucial for children's social development.
  • Children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) face significant social challenges.
  • Limited research exists on the play patterns of children with ADHD.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To integrate ADHD characteristics with play literature to understand their interaction.
  • To propose and revise a theoretical model of play in children with ADHD.
  • To develop principles for play-based interventions for children with ADHD.

Main Methods:

  • A study compared 112 children with ADHD and their typically developing playmates to 126 typically developing children and their playmates.
  • The Test of Playfulness was used to assess play.
  • A theoretical model was tested and revised based on study findings.

Main Results:

  • Children with ADHD demonstrated social play deficits.
  • A lack of interpersonal empathy was observed in the play of children with ADHD.
  • The study findings informed a revised theoretical model.

Conclusions:

  • Preliminary principles for play-based interventions for children with ADHD were proposed.
  • Interventions should address motivation and interpersonal empathy deficits.
  • Involving playmates in interventions is a key consideration.