Related Experiment Videos
Stability of cotrimoxazole in peritoneal dialysis fluid
1School of Pharmacy, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia.
Abstract:
This study examines the stability of both components of the antibacterial combination, cotrimoxazole (trimethoprim and sulphamethoxazole) in peritoneal dialysis fluid stored in polyvinyl chloride bags and glass ampoules at room temperature for up to nine days. Greater than 10% loss of trimethoprim occurred within three days for admixtures stored in plastic bags, whereas the original concentration remained virtually unchanged after nine days for similar solutions stored in glass ampoules. This indicated that the loss of trimethoprim observed in solutions stored in plastic bags was associated primarily with the nature of the container, presumably due to some form of uptake by or loss through the plastic. Greater than 10% loss of sulphamethoxazole occurred within two days for all admixtures examined, stored in either glass or plastic containers. This degree of loss was achieved within 12 h for one admixture stored in plastic. There was also the time-dependent appearance of an additional peak in HPLC analyses of these solutions, indicating that loss of sulphamethoxazole was due to chemical decomposition of the drug in the peritoneal dialysis fluid. The shelf-life of such admixtures would be limited by the stability of the sulphamethoxazole component, with the available data suggesting a shelf-life of 12 h for solutions stored at room temperature.
Insights
Cotrimoxazole stability in peritoneal dialysis fluid is container-dependent. Trimethoprim is stable in glass, while sulphamethoxazole degrades rapidly in both plastic and glass containers, limiting shelf-life to 12 hours.
Area of Science:
- Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Clinical Pharmacy
- Drug Stability Studies
Background:
- Cotrimoxazole, a combination of trimethoprim and sulphamethoxazole, is an important antibiotic.
- Peritoneal dialysis (PD) solutions are used for renal replacement therapy.
- The stability of antibiotic admixtures in PD fluids is crucial for effective treatment.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the stability of trimethoprim and sulphamethoxazole in peritoneal dialysis fluid.
- To assess the impact of storage containers (polyvinyl chloride bags vs. glass ampoules) on drug stability.
- To determine the shelf-life of cotrimoxazole admixtures in PD fluid at room temperature.
Main Methods:
- Preparation of cotrimoxazole admixtures in peritoneal dialysis fluid.
- Storage of admixtures in PVC bags and glass ampoules at room temperature.
- Stability testing over nine days using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC).
Main Results:
- Trimethoprim showed significant loss (>10%) within three days in PVC bags, but remained stable in glass ampoules for nine days.
- Sulphamethoxazole loss (>10%) occurred within two days in both container types, with rapid degradation observed within 12 hours in one plastic admixture.
- HPLC analysis revealed a time-dependent appearance of an additional peak, indicating chemical decomposition of sulphamethoxazole.
Conclusions:
- The stability of cotrimoxazole in PD fluid is influenced by the storage container, particularly for trimethoprim.
- Sulphamethoxazole is unstable in PD fluid, undergoing chemical decomposition.
- The overall shelf-life of cotrimoxazole admixtures in PD fluid at room temperature is limited to 12 hours due to sulphamethoxazole instability.