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Channel Rhodopsins

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Most organisms use photoreceptors to sense and respond to light. Examples of photoreceptors include bacteriorhodopsins and bacteriophytochromes in some bacteria, phytochromes in plants, and rhodopsins in the photoreceptor cells of the vertebral retina. The light-sensitive property of these receptors is because of the bound chromophores, such as bilin in the phytochromes and retinal in the rhodopsins.
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Updated: Jun 8, 2026

Proton Transfer and Protein Conformation Dynamics in Photosensitive Proteins by Time-resolved Step-scan Fourier-transform Infrared Spectroscopy

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Dark spatial solitons in bacteriorhodopsin thin films.

P S Ramanujam, L R Lindvold

|September 22, 2010

Summary

Researchers observed dark spatial solitons in bacteriorhodopsin films using low laser power. This finding opens possibilities for advanced optical switching and interconnects.

Area of Science:

Nonlinear optics
Materials science

Background:

Bacteriorhodopsin exhibits high optical nonlinearity.
Spatial solitons are self-trapping light beams.

Purpose of the Study:

To observe dark spatial solitons in bacteriorhodopsin thin solid films.
To demonstrate the feasibility of using bacteriorhodopsin for optical applications.

Main Methods:

Illumination of bacteriorhodopsin thin solid films with a He-Ne laser.
Observation of dark spatial soliton formation.

Main Results:

Dark spatial solitons were successfully observed.
Observation required only milliwatts of laser power due to high material nonlinearity.

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Proton Transfer and Protein Conformation Dynamics in Photosensitive Proteins by Time-resolved Step-scan Fourier-transform Infrared Spectroscopy

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Conclusions:

Bacteriorhodopsin is a promising material for nonlinear optical devices.
The results suggest potential applications in optical switching and interconnects.