Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

What is Gene Expression?01:36

What is Gene Expression?

A gene is a stretch of DNA that serves as the blueprint for functional RNAs and proteins. Since DNA is comprised  of nucleotides and proteins are comprised of amino acids, a mediator is required to convert the information encoded in DNA into proteins. This mediator is the messenger RNA (mRNA). mRNA copies the blueprint from DNA by a process called transcription. In eukaryotes, transcription occurs in the nucleus by complementary base-pairing with the DNA template. The mRNA is then processed and...
What is Gene Expression?01:42

What is Gene Expression?

Overview
Gene expression is the process in which DNA directs the synthesis of functional products, that is, proteins. Cells can regulate gene expression at various stages. It allows organisms to generate different cell types and enables cells to adapt to internal and external factors.
Genetic Information Flows from DNA to RNA to Protein
A gene is a stretch of DNA that serves as the blueprint for functional RNAs and proteins. Since DNA is made up of nucleotides and proteins consist of amino...
What is Gene Expression?01:42

What is Gene Expression?

Overview
Gene expression is the process in which DNA directs the synthesis of functional products, that is, proteins. Cells can regulate gene expression at various stages. It allows organisms to generate different cell types and enables cells to adapt to internal and external factors.
Genetic Information Flows from DNA to RNA to Protein
A gene is a stretch of DNA that serves as the blueprint for functional RNAs and proteins. Since DNA is made up of nucleotides and proteins consist of amino...
Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps01:23

Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps

The gene expression in cells is regulated at different stages: (i) transcription, (ii) RNA processing, (iii) RNA localization, and (iv) translation. Transcriptional regulation is mediated by regulatory proteins such as transcription factors, activators, or repressors—these control gene expression by initiating or inhibiting the transcription of genes. Once a precursor or pre-mRNA is produced, it undergoes post-transcriptional modification, including 5' capping, splicing, and the addition of a...
Mutation, Gene Flow, and Genetic Drift01:09

Mutation, Gene Flow, and Genetic Drift

In a population that is not at Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, the frequency of alleles changes over time. Therefore, any deviations from the five conditions of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium can alter the genetic variation of a given population. Conditions that change the genetic variability of a population include mutations, natural selection, non-random mating, gene flow, and genetic drift (small population size).Mechanisms of Genetic VariationThe original sources of genetic variation are mutations,...
mRNA Stability and Gene Expression02:51

mRNA Stability and Gene Expression

The structure and stability of mRNA molecules regulates gene expression, as mRNAs are a key step in the pathway from gene to protein. In eukaryotes, the half-life of mRNA varies from a few minutes up to several days. mRNA stability is essential in growth and development. The absence of the proteins regulating its stability, such as tristetraprolin in mice, can cause systemic issues, including bone marrow overgrowth, inflammation, and autoimmunity.
Cis-acting Elements involved in mRNA stability

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

"Beyond the state: First-person ethics and the governance of targeted therapies in China".

Social science & medicine (1982)·2026
Same author

The Effect of Thermal Pain on Working Memory: Behavioral Evidence from the n-Back Task.

Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same author

TRAPing trigeminal ganglion neurons driving mechanical allodynia.

Trends in neurosciences·2026
Same author

Lenvatinib triggers an EGR1-ZNF768-SLC7A11 adaptive response to limit ferroptosis-mediated therapeutic efficacy in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Cancer biology & medicine·2026
Same author

Molecular signature evolution of coal-derived dissolved organic matter under geothermal conditions: FT-ICR MS and machine learning.

PloS one·2026
Same author

Effects of formative-summative assessment weight configurations on evaluation validity and discriminatory power in landscape architecture planning and design courses.

Scientific reports·2026
Same journal

Correction to 'scSuperAnnotator: A platform for benchmarking comparison and visualizing automated cellular annotation methods for scRNA-seq data'.

Nucleic acids research·2026
Same journal

Correction to 'Differentiable partition function calculation for RNA'.

Nucleic acids research·2026
Same journal

Deployment of non-canonical splicing in tunicate genomes is mediated by divergent U2AF function and changing m6A modification in U1 and U6 snRNA.

Nucleic acids research·2026
Same journal

Bacillus subtilis DnaB forms multiple protein-protein interactions essential for DNA replication initiation.

Nucleic acids research·2026
Same journal

Multiple forms of protein-protein and DNA binding are exhibited by BrxC from the BREX phage restriction system.

Nucleic acids research·2026
Same journal

Biosynthesis of glycosylated 5-hydroxycytosine in the DNA of diverse viruses.

Nucleic acids research·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 8, 2026

Sealable Femtoliter Chamber Arrays for Cell-free Biology
13:44

Sealable Femtoliter Chamber Arrays for Cell-free Biology

Published on: March 11, 2015

Gene expression variations are predictive for stochastic noise.

Dong Dong1, Xiaojian Shao, Naiyang Deng

  • 1Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. dong.dong@utoronto.ca

Nucleic Acids Research
|September 24, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cellular expression noise, arising from stochastic gene expression, is linked to expression variation. This finding suggests expression variability can predict noise levels, aiding the study of gene expression evolution.

More Related Videos

Processing of Primary Brain Tumor Tissue for Stem Cell Assays and Flow Sorting
08:14

Processing of Primary Brain Tumor Tissue for Stem Cell Assays and Flow Sorting

Published on: September 25, 2012

Single-cell Gene Expression Profiling Using FACS and qPCR with Internal Standards
10:50

Single-cell Gene Expression Profiling Using FACS and qPCR with Internal Standards

Published on: February 25, 2017

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 8, 2026

Sealable Femtoliter Chamber Arrays for Cell-free Biology
13:44

Sealable Femtoliter Chamber Arrays for Cell-free Biology

Published on: March 11, 2015

Processing of Primary Brain Tumor Tissue for Stem Cell Assays and Flow Sorting
08:14

Processing of Primary Brain Tumor Tissue for Stem Cell Assays and Flow Sorting

Published on: September 25, 2012

Single-cell Gene Expression Profiling Using FACS and qPCR with Internal Standards
10:50

Single-cell Gene Expression Profiling Using FACS and qPCR with Internal Standards

Published on: February 25, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Cellular and Molecular Biology
  • Systems Biology
  • Genetics and Genomics

Background:

  • Stochasticity in transcription and translation drives protein abundance fluctuations in single cells, leading to phenotypic heterogeneity.
  • Expression noise is hypothesized to play roles in adaptation to stress, genetic changes, and gene expression evolution.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between single-cell expression noise and population-level expression variation.
  • To determine if expression variation can predict expression noise levels.

Main Methods:

  • Single-cell level measurement of expression noise.
  • Population-level measurement of expression variation.
  • Statistical correlation analysis.

Main Results:

  • A significant positive correlation was found between noise levels and conditional expression variations.
  • Expression variations were highly predictive of noise levels, particularly for genes containing TATA-boxes.
  • Expression variability can potentially serve as a proxy for stochastic noise.

Conclusions:

  • Expression variability and noise share underlying mechanisms, possibly including chromatin regulation.
  • This study provides a foundation for investigating stochastic noise in other single-cell organisms.
  • Understanding the link between noise and variation is crucial for comprehending gene expression variability and evolvability.