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Toxicity tests in animals are grounded on two main assumptions: first, the effects observed in laboratory animals can be extrapolated to humans, especially when adjusted for body surface area; second, high-dose exposure in animals is essential to identify potential human hazards from lower doses. This is based on the quantal dose-response concept, which faces the challenge of extrapolating results from relatively few test animals to much larger human populations. For example, a 0.01% incidence...
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The Comparative Toxicogenomics Database: update 2011.

Allan Peter Davis1, Benjamin L King, Susan Mockus

  • 1Department of Bioinformatics, The Mount Desert Island Biological Laboratory, Salisbury Cove, ME 04672, USA.

Nucleic Acids Research
|September 25, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD) now contains 1.4 million data points on chemical-gene-disease interactions. This public resource aids researchers in understanding environmental chemical impacts on human health and disease mechanisms.

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Area of Science:

  • Toxicogenomics
  • Environmental Health
  • Bioinformatics

Background:

  • The Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD) is a vital public resource.
  • It focuses on understanding interactions between environmental chemicals, gene products, and human health.
  • Manual curation of chemical-gene, chemical-disease, and gene-disease relationships from scientific literature forms its core.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To expand and enhance the CTD resource for improved understanding of environmental chemical impacts.
  • To integrate curated data for constructing chemical-gene-disease networks and predicting novel relationships.
  • To provide advanced analytical tools for hypothesis generation regarding environmental disease mechanisms.

Main Methods:

  • Manual curation of chemical-gene, chemical-disease, and gene-disease relationships.
  • Integration of curated data to build chemical-gene-disease networks.
  • Development and implementation of new features, statistical analyses, and analytical tools since 2009.

Main Results:

  • CTD content expanded to 1.4 million data points.
  • New features include GeneComps, ChemComps, enriched Gene Ontology terms, statistically ranked chemical-disease inferences, Venn diagram tools, and enhanced gene pathway data.
  • The database facilitates the prediction of novel chemical-gene-disease relationships.

Conclusions:

  • The expanded CTD provides a wealth of integrated data on chemical-gene-disease interactions.
  • These data empower users to generate testable hypotheses about the molecular mechanisms underlying environmental diseases.
  • CTD serves as a continuously improving, freely accessible public resource for toxicogenomics research.