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Related Concept Videos

RNA-seq03:21

RNA-seq

RNA sequencing, or RNA-Seq, is a high-throughput sequencing technology used to study the transcriptome of a cell. Transcriptomics helps to interpret the functional elements of a genome and identify the molecular constituents of an organism. Additionally, it also helps in understanding the development of an organism and the occurrence of diseases. 
Before the discovery of RNA-seq, microarray-based methods and Sanger sequencing were used for transcriptome analysis. However, while microarray-based...
Next-generation Sequencing03:00

Next-generation Sequencing

The first human genome sequencing project cost $2.7 billion and was declared complete in 2003, after 15 years of international cooperation and collaboration between several research teams and funding agencies. Today, with the advent of next-generation sequencing technologies, the cost and time of sequencing a human genome have dropped over 100 fold.
Next-Generation Sequencing Methods
Although all next-generation methods use different technologies, they all share a set of standard features.
Pharmacogenomics: Identification of New Drug Targets01:29

Pharmacogenomics: Identification of New Drug Targets

Advances in genomics have profoundly influenced drug discovery by increasing both the speed and accuracy of pharmaceutical development. Pharmacogenomics, which examines how genetic variation influences drug response, facilitates the identification of novel therapeutic targets and enables patient stratification for personalized treatment. These strategies contribute to improved drug efficacy, minimized adverse effects, and more efficient clinical trial design.Mapping genetic differences...
Ribosome Profiling02:24

Ribosome Profiling

Ribosome profiling or ribo-sequencing is a deep sequencing technique that produces a snapshot of active translation in a cell. It selectively sequences the mRNAs protected by ribosomes to get an insight into a cell’s translation landscape at any given point in time.
Applications of ribosome profiling
Ribosome profiling has many applications, including in vivo monitoring of translation inside a particular organ or tissue type and quantifying new protein synthesis levels.
The technique helps...
Translational Regulation01:29

Translational Regulation

Translational regulation in prokaryotes ensures efficient protein synthesis by controlling ribosome access to mRNA. This regulation is mediated by secondary RNA structures, including translational riboswitches, RNA thermometers, and small RNAs (sRNAs), which respond to intracellular and environmental signals to modulate gene expression.Translational RiboswitchesRiboswitches in the leader region of mRNAs can regulate translation by altering the accessibility of the Shine-Dalgarno (SD) sequence,...
What is Gene Expression?01:36

What is Gene Expression?

A gene is a stretch of DNA that serves as the blueprint for functional RNAs and proteins. Since DNA is comprised  of nucleotides and proteins are comprised of amino acids, a mediator is required to convert the information encoded in DNA into proteins. This mediator is the messenger RNA (mRNA). mRNA copies the blueprint from DNA by a process called transcription. In eukaryotes, transcription occurs in the nucleus by complementary base-pairing with the DNA template. The mRNA is then processed and...

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Targeted Next-generation Sequencing and Bioinformatics Pipeline to Evaluate Genetic Determinants of Constitutional Disease
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PPARG: Gene Expression Regulation and Next-Generation Sequencing for Unsolved Issues.

Valerio Costa1, Maria Assunta Gallo, Francesca Letizia

  • 1Institute of Genetics and Biophysics "Adriano Buzzati-Traverso" (IGB), CNR, 80131 Naples, Italy.

PPAR Research
|September 28, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) is a key transcription factor regulating metabolism and inflammation. Advanced sequencing methods like NGS are crucial for understanding PPARG gene variations and their impact on human health and disease.

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) is a ligand-inducible transcription factor with diverse roles.
  • PPARγ influences adipogenesis, metabolism, inflammation, and cancer.
  • Its complex functions involve isoforms, target genes, ligands, and coregulators.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of PPARG gene variations on target gene expression.
  • To leverage Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) for understanding PPARγ in health and disease.

Main Methods:

  • DNA sequencing (DNA-Seq) to identify variations in PPARG coding and regulatory regions.
  • Chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing (ChIP-Seq) to map PPARγ binding sites.
  • RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) to analyze PPARγ-regulated gene pathways.

Main Results:

  • NGS technologies enable comprehensive analysis of PPARG variations and their functional consequences.
  • ChIP-Seq provides a map of PPARγ binding, elucidating its regulatory network.
  • RNA-Seq reveals intricate gene pathways influenced by PPARγ.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding PPARG variations is crucial for comprehending its role in human diseases.
  • NGS-based approaches significantly advance the study of PPARγ's complex functions.
  • This research provides a foundation for future investigations into PPARγ-related pathologies.