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Related Concept Videos

Oxygen Delivering System I: Nasal Cannula and Face Mask01:26

Oxygen Delivering System I: Nasal Cannula and Face Mask

The human body requires oxygen to function, and when the natural process of respiration is hindered, external devices, including the following, are needed to help deliver this vital gas.
Nasal Cannula
A nasal cannula is a lightweight tube split at one end into two prongs and placed in the nostrils. It is typically used to deliver low to medium levels of oxygen.
Suggested flow rate: The suggested flow rate for a nasal cannula typically ranges between 1 and 6 L/min.
Oxygen percentage setting:...
Oxygen Delivering System II: Venturi Mask and Transtracheal Oxygen01:16

Oxygen Delivering System II: Venturi Mask and Transtracheal Oxygen

Oxygen therapy is a pivotal aspect of medical care, particularly for patients with respiratory ailments. Two prominent oxygen-delivering systems include the Venturi mask and the transtracheal oxygen catheter.
Venturi Mask
The Venturi mask, named after the Venturi effect, is designed to deliver precise oxygen concentrations. It consists of a large tube with an oxygen inlet that narrows down, causing a pressure drop that pulls air in through adjustable side ports. The mask is a lightweight,...
Oxygen Delivering System III: Tracheostomy and T-piece01:23

Oxygen Delivering System III: Tracheostomy and T-piece

Oxygen delivery is critical in clinical care, especially for patients with respiratory disorders or those undergoing surgical procedures. Various systems, such as tracheostomy and the T-piece, deliver oxygen to the lungs, ensuring adequate arterial oxygenation.
Tracheostomy
A tracheostomy is a surgically created opening (stoma) in the anterior part of the trachea. It is used to establish a patient airway, bypass an upper airway obstruction, simplify the removal of secretions, permit long-term...
Bioreactor Controls-II01:18

Bioreactor Controls-II

In aerobic fermentations, oxygen is vital for microbial growth and metabolite production. Since air comprises only about 20% oxygen and the gas is poorly soluble in water—just 9 ppm at 20°C—supplying sufficient oxygen becomes a critical challenge, especially in high-demand processes like yeast growth or citric acid production. Even a fully saturated broth may offer only a few seconds of oxygen availability.To address this, sterile or scrubbed air is introduced into the fermentor via a sparger...
Administering Oxygen by Mask01:30

Administering Oxygen by Mask

Administering Oxygen by Mask
Administering oxygen by mask is a common nursing intervention that provides supplemental oxygen to patients with respiratory distress or chronic lung conditions. This procedure involves delivering oxygen at a specified rate through a face mask connected to an oxygen source.
Equipment
The equipment necessary for this procedure includes:

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 8, 2026

Manufacture of Concentrated, Lipid-based Oxygen Microbubble Emulsions by High Shear Homogenization and Serial Concentration
13:17

Manufacture of Concentrated, Lipid-based Oxygen Microbubble Emulsions by High Shear Homogenization and Serial Concentration

Published on: May 26, 2014

Phospholipid-stabilized microbubble foam for injectable oxygen delivery.

Edward J Swanson1, Vickram Mohan, John Kheir

  • 1Department of Chemical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA.

Langmuir : the ACS Journal of Surfaces and Colloids
|September 30, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers created oxygen-filled microbubbles (OMBs) using phospholipids. Lipid chain length impacts stability, with DSPC-stabilized OMBs showing better gas retention for potential medical and industrial applications.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 8, 2026

Manufacture of Concentrated, Lipid-based Oxygen Microbubble Emulsions by High Shear Homogenization and Serial Concentration
13:17

Manufacture of Concentrated, Lipid-based Oxygen Microbubble Emulsions by High Shear Homogenization and Serial Concentration

Published on: May 26, 2014

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Biotechnology
  • Chemical Engineering

Background:

  • Microbubbles are utilized in various applications, including medical imaging and drug delivery.
  • Oxygen-filled microbubbles (OMBs) offer potential for therapeutic gas delivery.
  • Stabilization of microbubbles is crucial for their stability and efficacy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize and characterize purely oxygen-filled microbubbles (OMBs) stabilized by phospholipids.
  • To investigate the effect of lipid acyl chain length on OMB size distribution and foam stability.
  • To evaluate the gas release characteristics of OMBs upon injection into undersaturated solutions.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of OMBs with diameters <10 μm using phospholipids.
  • Concentration of OMBs in saline to >50 vol %.
  • Characterization of OMB size distribution and foam stability over time.
  • Assessment of gas release upon injection into undersaturated solutions.

Main Results:

  • Lipid acyl chain length did not significantly affect OMB size distribution.
  • Longer acyl chain lipids (e.g., DSPC) enhanced foam stability compared to shorter chains (e.g., DPPC).
  • DSPC-stabilized OMBs retained over 50% of encapsulated gas after 3 weeks.
  • OMBs rapidly released their oxygen core when injected into undersaturated solutions.

Conclusions:

  • Phospholipid acyl chain length is a critical factor in controlling the stability of oxygen-filled microbubbles.
  • DSPC-stabilized OMBs demonstrate promising stability for potential applications.
  • The controlled release of oxygen from OMBs suggests their utility in medical and industrial gas delivery systems.