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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 8, 2026

Animal Models of Depression - Chronic Despair Model (CDM)

Animal Models of Depression - Chronic Despair Model (CDM)

Published on: September 23, 2021

Explaining functional outcomes in depression treatment: a multilevel modelling approach.

Hesham F Gadelrab¹, Maria Cabello, Eduard Vieta

¹Departamento de Psiquiatría, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Madrid, Spain.

Disability and Rehabilitation

|September 30, 2010

Summary

Depression symptom severity significantly impacts patient functioning. Social, environmental, and personal factors also play a key role in major depressive disorder (MDD) patient outcomes.

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Area of Science:

Psychiatry
Mental Health Research
Clinical Psychology

Background:

Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) significantly impacts patient functioning.
Understanding factors influencing functional change in MDD is crucial for effective treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the influence of social, environmental, and personal factors on functional changes in MDD patients.
To determine the relative contribution of these factors compared to symptom severity.

Main Methods:

Prospective cohort study of 97 adult MDD patients undergoing antidepressant treatment.
Data collected at three time points using WHO_DAS II and socio-demographic/clinical/contextual instruments.
Multilevel modeling statistical analysis for repeated measures data.

Main Results:

Changes in depression symptom severity explained 32% of the variance in patient functioning over time.
Social, environmental, and personal factors (gender, work status, quality of life) accounted for 20% of functioning variance, independent of health conditions.

Conclusions:

Social, environmental, and personal factors significantly contribute to functional outcomes in MDD patients.
These factors remain important even after accounting for medical and health condition variables.