[Techniques of reconstruction of the middle ear]

Reconstruction of the middle ear, after eradication of evolutive lesions, consists of the functional restoration of the transmission components, i.e. the ossicles and the tympanic membrane. Several materials and forms of assembly are available both for the ossicles and for the tympanic membrane. The essential features of ossiculoplasty by columella effect are its simplicity, efficacy and safety. There are also indications, for partial or total anatomic assemblies by tympano-ossicular allografts. The choice of the type ot tympano-ossicular reconstruction will depend on the pathological context, to obviate the creation of an iatrogenic pathology. The results for each type of reconstruction are presented together with the short and long term evolution, through the evaluation of failures.