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Vagina

Vagina

The vaginal canal is a tubular structure averaging about 10 cm in length that acts as the entryway to the female reproductive system and the passageway for menstrual flow and childbirth. The interior walls of the vagina exhibit concentric folds called rugae and are topped by an area known as the fornix, which connects with the protruding cervical portion of the uterus. This canal is comprised of an external fibrous layer, a muscular middle layer, and an inner lining with mucosal rugae, which...

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External Female Genitals

External Female Genitals

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Varicose Veins II: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care

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Varicose Veins I: Introduction

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 8, 2026

Technical Aspects of the Mouse Aortocaval Fistula

Technical Aspects of the Mouse Aortocaval Fistula

Published on: July 11, 2013

Vesicovaginal fistulae.

Mary Garthwaite¹, Neil Harris

¹Pyrah Department of Urology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, LS9 7TF, UK.

Indian Journal of Urology : IJU : Journal of the Urological Society of India

|September 30, 2010

Summary

Vesicovaginal fistula (VVF) is a challenging condition requiring prompt diagnosis and surgical repair. Understanding fistula anatomy and healing factors is crucial for successful patient outcomes.

Area of Science:

Urology
Gynecology
Surgical Science

Background:

Vesicovaginal fistula (VVF) presents significant challenges in patient care and surgical management.
Successful VVF treatment hinges on accurate diagnosis and timely intervention.

Purpose of the Study:

This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of vesicovaginal fistula investigation and management.
Key areas of VVF diagnosis and treatment strategies are highlighted.

Main Methods:

Literature review focusing on diagnostic modalities for VVF.
Analysis of surgical repair principles and factors influencing healing in VVF cases.

Main Results:

Early diagnosis and appropriate surgical repair are critical for managing VVF.

Keywords:

Vesicovaginal fistula management pressure necrosis

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Technical Aspects of the Mouse Aortocaval Fistula

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Understanding fistula pathophysiology, anatomy, and healing impediments is essential for surgeons.

Conclusions:

Effective management of VVF requires a multidisciplinary approach.
Surgeons must possess a deep understanding of VVF and repair techniques for optimal patient outcomes.