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Related Concept Videos

Total Internal Reflection Fluorescence Microscopy01:05

Total Internal Reflection Fluorescence Microscopy

Total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy or TIRF is an advanced microscopic technique used to visualize fluorophores in samples close to a solid surface with a higher refractive index, such as a glass coverslip. TIRF only allows fluorophores in proximity to the solid surface to be excited. When light from a medium with a lower refractive index (such as air) hits the glass coverslip at a critical angle, the light undergoes total internal reflection stead of passing through the glass.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 8, 2026

Writing Bragg Gratings in Multicore Fibers
08:48

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Published on: April 20, 2016

Binary blazed reflection gratings.

M Collischon, H Haidner, P Kipfer

    Applied Optics
    |October 2, 2010
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    This study introduces a novel binary reflection grating achieving 77% diffraction efficiency in the +1st order. The grating exhibits unique polarization properties, directing TE-polarized light to the +1st order and TM-polarized light to the 0th order.

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    Published on: July 18, 2015

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    Last Updated: Jun 8, 2026

    Writing Bragg Gratings in Multicore Fibers
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    Published on: April 20, 2016

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    12:08

    Fabrication of High Contrast Gratings for the Spectrum Splitting Dispersive Element in a Concentrated Photovoltaic System

    Published on: July 18, 2015

    Area of Science:

    • Optics and Photonics
    • Nanotechnology
    • Diffractive Optics

    Background:

    • Conventional blazed gratings are essential optical components.
    • Achieving high diffraction efficiency and specific polarization control remains a challenge.
    • Miniaturized optical elements offer potential for advanced applications.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To design and demonstrate a high-efficiency binary reflection grating.
    • To investigate the polarization-dependent diffraction properties of the grating.
    • To validate experimental results with rigorous diffraction theory.

    Main Methods:

    • Fabrication of a binary grating with feature sizes comparable to the incident light's wavelength.
    • Utilizing a minilattice structure to imitate a blazed grating profile.
    • Experimental measurement of diffraction efficiency for different orders and polarizations.

    Main Results:

    • Achieved a measured intensity of 77% for the +1st diffracted order.
    • Demonstrated distinct polarization behavior: TE-polarized light diffracted into the +1st order, TM-polarized light into the 0th order.
    • Experimental measurements showed reasonable agreement with rigorous diffraction theory.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed binary reflection grating offers high diffraction efficiency.
    • The grating exhibits unique and useful polarization selectivity.
    • This binary grating design serves as a viable alternative to conventional blazed gratings.