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Prevention of respiratory syncytial virus infection

L Samson

    Paediatrics & Child Health
    |October 2, 2010
    PubMed

    Insights

    Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a major cause of severe respiratory illness in Canadian infants. Palivizumab, an antibody treatment, can lower hospitalization rates for high-risk infants during their first RSV season.

    Area of Science:

    • Pediatrics
    • Infectious Diseases
    • Immunology

    Background:

    • Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the primary cause of lower respiratory tract infections in young children.
    • Premature infants and those with risk factors face significant hospitalization rates from RSV in Canada.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review the literature on palivizumab for RSV prevention in infants.
    • To provide recommendations for Canadian physicians on using palivizumab for at-risk infants.

    Main Methods:

    • Literature review of published studies on palivizumab efficacy and use.
    • Development of clinical recommendations based on evidence.

    Main Results:

    • Palivizumab, an RSV-specific monoclonal antibody, reduces hospitalization and illness severity.
    • Treatment benefits a select group of high-risk or premature infants during their initial RSV season.

    Conclusions:

    • Palivizumab is an effective intervention for a specific population of infants at high risk for severe RSV.
    • Guidance is provided for Canadian physicians on appropriate palivizumab use in vulnerable infants.

    Keywords:
    At-risk infantsPalivizumabPrematurityProphylaxisRSV

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