Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Somatic to iPS Cell Reprogramming01:29

Somatic to iPS Cell Reprogramming

Reprogramming alters the gene expression in somatic cells, transforming them into induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells over several generations. Scientists can reprogram cells by introducing genes for four transcription factors—Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc (OSKM) by viral or non-viral methods. These factors are also known as Yamanaka factors after Shinya Yamanaka, who first generated iPS cells using mouse skin cells. Yamanaka was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2012 for this...
Methods of Nuclear Reprogramming01:24

Methods of Nuclear Reprogramming

Nuclear reprogramming is a process of transforming one cell type into an unrelated cell type by epigenetic changes that alter the cell’s original gene expression pattern. Such epigenetic changes force cells to express a different set of genes, which play a significant role in inducing transformation into other cell types. Nuclear reprogramming offers applications in reproductive cloning for livestock propagation and regenerative medicine — developing patient-specific cells for injury repair.
Introduction to Nuclear Reprogramming01:14

Introduction to Nuclear Reprogramming

Nuclear reprogramming is the process of switching gene expression of one cell type to that of another cell type, usually from a differentiated cell state to an undifferentiated cell state. Differentiation occurs during processes such as development and morphogenesis, tissue regeneration, and malignancy. Cells can also be artificially induced to reprogram their gene expression by techniques such as nuclear transfer, induced pluripotency, and cell fusion. Such techniques have many applications in...
Chromatin Modification in iPS Cells01:32

Chromatin Modification in iPS Cells

Chromatin modification alters gene expression; therefore, scientists can add histone-modifying enzymes, histone variants, and chromatin remodeling complexes to somatic cells to aid reprogramming into pluripotent stem (iPS) cells.
Compact chromatin makes reprogramming difficult. Enzymes, such as histone demethylases and acetyltransferases, are often added during reprogramming to loosen the chromatin, making the DNA more accessible to transcription factors. Molecules that inhibit histone...
Combinatorial Gene Control02:33

Combinatorial Gene Control

Combinatorial gene control is the synergistic action of several transcriptional factors to regulate the expression of a single gene. The absence of one or more of these factors may lead to a significant difference in the level of gene expression or repression.
The expression of more than 30,000 genes is controlled by approximately 2000-3000 transcription factors. This is possible because a single transcription factor can recognize more than one regulatory sequence. The specificity in gene...
Maintenance of the ES Cell State01:14

Maintenance of the ES Cell State

The cells of the blastocyst inner cell mass only remain pluripotent for a short time. This state of pluripotency and self-renewal can be maintained in embryonic stem (ES) cell culture by adding specific chemicals or growth factors to ensure the cells can continue dividing and later differentiate into different cell types. In some cases, the cells are grown on a feeder layer of differentiated cells, which provides the growth factors and extracellular matrix components necessary for stem cell...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Derivation of elephant induced pluripotent stem cells.

Nature methods·2026
Same author

Human amygdala-like telencephalic organoids model stress circuitry in assembloid systems.

Cell stem cell·2026
Same author

Dysregulation of Hippo Signaling Pathway as a Convergent Mechanism Underlying Choroid Plexus Defects in Bipolar Disorder.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

The metabolic mood: Cholesterol homeostasis as a convergence point for depression risk.

Developmental cell·2026
Same author

Generation of human pineal gland organoids with melatonin production for disease modeling.

Cell stem cell·2025
Same author

KIAA0319 Plays a Critical Role in Cortical Neuronal Maturation and Synaptic Development Through a Dyslexia-Associated Gene Network.

Biological psychiatry·2025
Same journal

Chrysoeriol-Mediated Neuroprotection in Parkinson's Disease in Mice: Targeting Apoptosis, α-Synuclein Accumulation, and Functional Recovery.

The Yale journal of biology and medicine·2026
Same journal

Musicality is Preserved in Neurodegeneration.

The Yale journal of biology and medicine·2026
Same journal

Burden of Neurological Disorders in Resource-Limited Settings: Lessons from Pakistan for Global Neurology.

The Yale journal of biology and medicine·2026
Same journal

Comparative Analysis of Prenatal Stress Models: Placental and Neurodevelopmental Outcomes in Mice.

The Yale journal of biology and medicine·2026
Same journal

Computational Investigation of Flavonoid-Associated Molecular Pathways in Astrogliosis Modulation.

The Yale journal of biology and medicine·2026
Same journal

Regulation and Interaction Among SOCS1 and SOCS3 by MicroRNAs in Multiple Sclerosis: A Review and <i>In Silico</i> Analysis.

The Yale journal of biology and medicine·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 8, 2026

Cell Surface Marker Mediated Purification of iPS Cell Intermediates from a Reprogrammable Mouse Model
10:32

Cell Surface Marker Mediated Purification of iPS Cell Intermediates from a Reprogrammable Mouse Model

Published on: September 6, 2014

Five classic articles in somatic cell reprogramming.

In-Hyun Park1

  • 1Department of Genetics, Yale Stem Cell Center, Yale University School of Medicine, 10 Amistad 201B, New Haven, CT 06520, USA. inhyun.park@yale.edu

The Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine
|October 2, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Somatic cell reprogramming research has advanced from early nuclear transfer to human induced pluripotent stem cells. This review highlights five key papers foundational to clinical applications of cell reprogramming.

More Related Videos

Reprogramming Primary Amniotic Fluid and Membrane Cells to Pluripotency in Xeno-free Conditions
09:34

Reprogramming Primary Amniotic Fluid and Membrane Cells to Pluripotency in Xeno-free Conditions

Published on: November 27, 2017

Selecting and Isolating Colonies of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Reprogrammed from Adult Fibroblasts
13:23

Selecting and Isolating Colonies of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Reprogrammed from Adult Fibroblasts

Published on: February 20, 2012

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 8, 2026

Cell Surface Marker Mediated Purification of iPS Cell Intermediates from a Reprogrammable Mouse Model
10:32

Cell Surface Marker Mediated Purification of iPS Cell Intermediates from a Reprogrammable Mouse Model

Published on: September 6, 2014

Reprogramming Primary Amniotic Fluid and Membrane Cells to Pluripotency in Xeno-free Conditions
09:34

Reprogramming Primary Amniotic Fluid and Membrane Cells to Pluripotency in Xeno-free Conditions

Published on: November 27, 2017

Selecting and Isolating Colonies of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Reprogrammed from Adult Fibroblasts
13:23

Selecting and Isolating Colonies of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Reprogrammed from Adult Fibroblasts

Published on: February 20, 2012

Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Developmental Biology
  • Stem Cell Research

Background:

  • Somatic cell reprogramming has evolved significantly over decades.
  • Early milestones include nuclear transfer techniques.
  • Recent advancements include the development of human induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review five landmark research papers in somatic cell reprogramming.
  • To highlight foundational studies enabling current clinical applications.
  • To provide historical context for the field of cell reprogramming.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of seminal research.
  • Analysis of five pivotal publications in somatic cell reprogramming.
  • Historical synthesis of scientific progress.

Main Results:

  • Identification of five key papers that shaped the field.
  • Demonstration of the progression from nuclear transfer to iPS cells.
  • Establishment of the scientific basis for clinical reprogramming.

Conclusions:

  • The reviewed papers provide a critical foundation for current research.
  • Understanding this history is essential for advancing clinical applications.
  • Somatic cell reprogramming holds significant therapeutic potential.