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Related Concept Videos

Sleep Apnea01:21

Sleep Apnea

Sleep apnea is a condition where breathing stops intermittently during sleep, often leading to significant health issues. Each episode can last from 10 to 20 seconds or more and is frequently accompanied by a brief arousal from sleep. This disturbance, largely unnoticed by the individual, can lead to severe daytime fatigue. Commonly, individuals seek help after being informed by their partners about loud snoring and noticeable breathing pauses during sleep.
The condition is more prevalent among...

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Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy (DISE) with Target Controlled Infusion (TCI) and Bispectral Analysis in Obstructive Sleep Apnea
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Cognitive profile and brain morphological changes in obstructive sleep apnea.

Federico Torelli1, Nicola Moscufo, Girolamo Garreffa

  • 1Center for Neurological Imaging, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA. ftorelli@bwh.harvard.edu

Neuroimage
|October 5, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) causes cognitive decline by damaging brain structures. This study links OSA to reduced gray matter volume in key brain regions, impacting memory and executive functions.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Sleep Medicine
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is linked to neurocognitive impairment.
  • Brain injury in specific regions is a suspected mechanism for cognitive deficits in OSA.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate brain morphological changes in patients with moderate-severe OSA.
  • To correlate these changes with neuropsychological and oximetric data.

Main Methods:

  • 16 moderate-severe OSA patients and 14 controls underwent 3.0T brain MRI.
  • Neuropsychological testing assessed memory, executive functions, attention, and learning.
  • Volumetric segmentation and voxel-based morphometry (VBM) analyzed brain structure.

Main Results:

  • OSA patients showed poorer performance in memory and executive function tests.
  • Reduced gray matter volume was observed in the hippocampus and caudate nucleus in OSA patients.
  • VBM revealed decreased gray matter in the hippocampus and lateral temporal areas.

Conclusions:

  • Moderate-severe OSA is associated with significant cognitive impairment.
  • Brain tissue damage in specific regions underlies cognitive deficits in OSA.
  • OSA may increase brain vulnerability to aging and other conditions.