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[Childhood legionellosis].

A Ferrer1, R I Elcuaz, M Giménez-Pérez

  • 1Servicios de Microbiología y Parasitología, Universidad Autónoma, Barcelona.

Enfermedades Infecciosas Y Microbiologia Clinica
|May 1, 1990
PubMed
Summary

This study reports four pediatric hospital-acquired pneumonia cases caused by Legionella pneumophila serogroup 6. Three of the four immunocompromised children died, highlighting the severity of infantile legionellosis.

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Infectious Diseases
  • Microbiology
  • Hospital Epidemiology

Background:

  • Legionella pneumophila is a recognized cause of pneumonia in adults, but less commonly reported in children.
  • Hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) presents a significant challenge in pediatric care settings.
  • Understanding the epidemiology and clinical presentation of specific pathogens in HAP is crucial for timely diagnosis and treatment.

Observation:

  • Four pediatric patients aged 10 days to 7 years developed hospital-acquired pneumonia between 1987-1988.
  • Legionella pneumophila serogroup 6 was identified in various respiratory samples, including pleural fluid and lung biopsy.
  • All affected children had underlying immunological deficiencies, and three succumbed to the infection.

Findings:

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  • Legionella pneumophila serogroup 6 can cause severe, sporadic hospital-acquired pneumonia in immunocompromised children.
  • Diagnosis was often delayed as Legionnaires' disease was not initially suspected.
  • Erythromycin therapy was administered in only two cases due to the lack of early etiological suspicion.

    • Implications:

    • This case series underscores the importance of considering Legionella in the differential diagnosis of HAP in pediatric patients, especially those who are immunocompromised.
    • Early and accurate diagnosis of Legionnaires' disease in children is critical for appropriate antimicrobial therapy and improved outcomes.
    • Further research is needed to elucidate the specific risk factors and optimal management strategies for infantile legionellosis in hospital settings.