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Related Concept Videos

Bone Remodeling and Repair01:31

Bone Remodeling and Repair

Osteoclasts are cells responsible for bone resorption and remodeling. They originate from hematopoietic progenitor cells present in the bone marrow. Numerous progenitor cells fuse to form multinucleated cells, each with 10-20 nuclei. A single osteoclast has a diameter of 150 to 200 µM. These cells have ruffled borders that break down the underlying bone tissue and release minerals such as calcium into the blood in bone resorption. Osteoclasts cling to bones with their ruffled edges during bone...
Fractures: Bone Repair01:27

Fractures: Bone Repair

Treatment for a fracture is based on the type of break, the bone affected, and the patient's age.
Minor fractures with no bone displacement are treated by immobilizing the fractured bone using a cast or splint. However, in the case of fractures with displaced bones, the broken bones are repositioned before immobilization to ensure successful healing without deformation and loss of function. The realignment of fractured bone ends is performed through a process called reduction. If the procedure...
Stem Cell Therapy for Tissue Regeneration01:21

Stem Cell Therapy for Tissue Regeneration

Stem cell therapy is a method used in regenerative medicine to repair and restore function to damaged tissues and organs. Stem cells have the potential to proliferate and differentiate into various tissue types, making them ideal candidates for tissue regeneration. For example, hematopoietic stem cell transplants are commonly used in blood cancer treatment to replenish damaged bone marrow and restore healthy blood cells.
Types of Stem Cells used in Stem Cell Therapy
The two main cell types that...
Growth of Cartilage and Bone Tissue01:27

Growth of Cartilage and Bone Tissue

Chondrocytes form a temporary cartilaginous model by dividing and secreting a thick gel-like extracellular matrix. Once the chondrocytes undergo programmed cell death, osteoblasts enter the site of the cartilaginous model. The process of replacing the temporary cartilaginous model with bone in an ordered manner is called endochondral ossification. In endochondral ossification, not all of the cartilage is replaced by bone tissue. Some cartilage that performs a protective and supportive function...
Tissue Renewal without Stem Cells01:23

Tissue Renewal without Stem Cells

After cellular or tissue damage, the resident stem cells present in the human body can locally repair and regenerate the damaged tissue or organ. However, even though some tissues do not have stem cells, they can repair and regenerate with the help of pre-existing cells. For example, beta cells of the pancreas and hepatocytes of the liver can divide to renew and regenerate the tissue. Here, both cell division and cell death are well regulated by homeostasis.
However, failure of such a system...

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Integrated Bone Formation Through In Vivo Endochondral Ossification Using Mesenchymal Stem Cells
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Integrated Bone Formation Through In Vivo Endochondral Ossification Using Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Published on: July 14, 2023

[Bone and cartilage repair using stem cells].

Kenneth H Larsen1, Tom E Andersen, Moustapha Kassem

  • 1Klinik for Molekylaer Endokrinologi, Endokrinologisk Afdeling M, Odense Universitetshospital, Winsløwparken 25, 1. sal, 5000 Odense C, Denmark.

Ugeskrift for Laeger
|October 6, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can differentiate into bone, cartilage, and fat cells. These cells, isolated from bone marrow, show promise in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine for treating bone and cartilage conditions.

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Area of Science:

  • Cell biology
  • Stem cell research
  • Tissue engineering

Context:

  • Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) exhibit multipotent differentiation capabilities.
  • MSCs can be isolated from bone marrow and expanded ex vivo.
  • These cells maintain genetic stability and differentiation potential over 25-40 population doublings.

Purpose:

  • To highlight the potential of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in regenerative medicine.
  • To discuss the application of MSCs in tissue engineering for cartilage and bone repair.
  • To summarize the promising outcomes of clinical trials involving MSCs.

Summary:

  • Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are characterized by their ability to differentiate into osteoblasts, chondrocytes, and adipocytes.
  • Ex vivo expansion of MSCs from bone marrow is feasible for up to 25-40 population doublings, preserving their genetic stability and differentiation capacity.
  • The multilineage potential of MSCs makes them highly valuable for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine applications.

Impact:

  • MSCs offer significant therapeutic potential for conditions affecting cartilage and bone, which often exhibit limited self-repair.
  • Clinical trials utilizing MSCs have demonstrated promising results, suggesting their efficacy in treating various medical conditions.
  • The use of MSCs in regenerative medicine could lead to novel treatments for degenerative diseases and injuries.