Progress in diabetes research in China

The prevalence of diabetes, especially Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), is increasing markedly throughout the world, including in China. Because T2DM and its complications are associated with considerable socioeconomic burden and mortality, there is increasing interest in developing strategies to prevent or delay progression of the disease. In recent decades, many researchers have focused on the mechanism of onset of diabetes, as well as examining the benefits of various interventions in subjects with different glucose tolerance status to prevent or delay development of the disease. In the present article, we focus on five areas (epidemiology, early intervention, insulin sensitivity and β-cell function, adipocytokines, and traditional Chinese medicine) to review the progress of research into diabetes in China today. The prevalence of diabetes in China is one of the highest in the world. However, with lifestyle interventions and appropriate pharmacological therapies (including traditional Chinese medicine), T2DM may be prevented, well controlled, or even put into remission. Accurate estimation of insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity, as well as better characterization of the physiological function of adipocytokines, could give us a better understanding of the basic mechanisms underlying the onset of diabetes and could lead to better interventions in people with impaired glucose tolerance and T2DM.