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Isolation and Identification of Waterborne Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria and Molecular Characterization of their Antibiotic Resistance Genes
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Quinolone and cephalosporin resistance in enteric Fever

Malini Rajinder Capoor1, Deepthi Nair

  • 1Department of Microbiology, Vardhman Mahaveer Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India.

Journal of Global Infectious Diseases
|October 8, 2010
PubMed

Insights

Enteric fever treatment is challenged by widespread ciprofloxacin resistance in India. Alternative antibiotics and antimicrobial surveillance are crucial for managing this public health issue.

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Enteric fever poses a significant public health threat, particularly in developing nations.
  • Ciprofloxacin resistance is now prevalent in the Indian subcontinent, complicating treatment options.
  • The irrational use of ciprofloxacin contributes to the rise of resistant strains, including nalidixic acid-resistant ones.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current landscape of antimicrobial resistance in enteric fever.
  • To explore the molecular mechanisms underlying fluoroquinolone resistance.
  • To discuss novel therapeutic agents and strategies for managing ciprofloxacin-resistant enteric fever.

Main Methods:

  • This review synthesizes existing literature on enteric fever, antimicrobial resistance, and treatment strategies.
  • It examines molecular mechanisms of fluoroquinolone resistance.
  • It analyzes the efficacy and role of alternative antimicrobial agents.

Main Results:

  • Ciprofloxacin resistance is widespread, necessitating a reevaluation of first-line treatments like ampicillin, chloramphenicol, and co-trimoxazole.
  • Effective therapeutic options for ciprofloxacin-resistant enteric fever include third- and fourth-generation cephalosporins, azithromycin, tigecycline, and penems.
  • Antimicrobial surveillance and molecular analysis are vital for tracking resistance patterns and identifying new drug targets.

Conclusions:

  • The emergence of ciprofloxacin resistance demands a shift in therapeutic approaches for enteric fever.
  • Continued antimicrobial surveillance and molecular research are essential for guiding treatment and developing new interventions.
  • A strategic rollback of older, less effective antimicrobials is recommended.
Keywords:
AzithromycinCiprofloxacin resistanceEnteric feverMolecular targetsPenemsTigecycline

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