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Related Concept Videos

Methods of Documentation VI: Case Management Model01:15

Methods of Documentation VI: Case Management Model

The case management model is a multidisciplinary approach that involves healthcare professionals from diverse disciplines, such as physicians, nurses, therapists, social workers, and pharmacists, working collaboratively to address the various needs of patients. Each healthcare professional brings unique expertise and perspectives, contributing to a more comprehensive understanding of the patient's condition and tailoring treatment plans accordingly.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 8, 2026

Polar Histogram Visualization of Acute Stress Disorder Scale Scores for Comprehensive Clinical Assessment
08:25

Polar Histogram Visualization of Acute Stress Disorder Scale Scores for Comprehensive Clinical Assessment

Published on: December 6, 2024

Intensive case management for severe mental illness.

Marina Dieterich1, Claire B Irving, Bert Park

  • 1Department of Mental Health, Azienda USL 6 Livorno, Via San Carlo, 117, Livorno, Italy, 57100.

The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
|October 8, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Intensive Case Management (ICM) reduces hospitalizations and improves care retention for severe mental illness patients compared to standard care. However, its benefits over non-intensive approaches and effects on mental state remain unclear.

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Last Updated: Jun 8, 2026

Polar Histogram Visualization of Acute Stress Disorder Scale Scores for Comprehensive Clinical Assessment
08:25

Polar Histogram Visualization of Acute Stress Disorder Scale Scores for Comprehensive Clinical Assessment

Published on: December 6, 2024

Area of Science:

  • Mental Health Services Research
  • Psychiatric Epidemiology
  • Health Services Evaluation

Background:

  • Intensive Case Management (ICM) is a community-based care model for severely mentally ill individuals, emphasizing small caseloads (<20) and high-intensity input.
  • ICM evolved from Assertive Community Treatment (ACT) and Case Management (CM) models to provide long-term community care for those not requiring immediate hospitalization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effectiveness of Intensive Case Management (ICM) with caseloads <20 versus non-ICM (caseload >20) and standard community care for severe mental illness.
  • To determine if ICM's impact on hospitalization is influenced by fidelity to the ACT model and the care setting.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review and meta-analysis of 38 randomized clinical trials (7328 participants) comparing ICM with standard care or non-ICM.
  • Data extraction and analysis using random-effects models, calculating relative risks (RR) and mean differences (MD) with 95% confidence intervals (CI).
  • Meta-regression analysis to assess the impact of ACT model fidelity and baseline hospital use on treatment effects.

Main Results:

  • ICM significantly reduced hospitalisation length (MD -0.86 days) and improved retention in psychiatric services (RR 0.43) compared to standard care.
  • ICM showed improvements in global state (GAF scale) and accommodation status, but not consistently in mental state, quality of life, or mortality.
  • Compared to non-ICM, ICM demonstrated a significant advantage in reducing loss to follow-up (RR 0.72), but not in hospitalisation length or other broad outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • Intensive Case Management (ICM) is effective in reducing hospitalizations and improving care retention for severe mental illness patients compared to standard care.
  • ICM's effectiveness is particularly notable in patient groups with high historical hospitalization rates, and adherence to the original model enhances outcomes.
  • Further research comparing non-ICM with standard care is recommended, as the added benefit of ICM over less intensive approaches remains unclear.