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Related Concept Videos

Microbial Biosensors01:17

Microbial Biosensors

Microbial biosensors are analytical devices that utilize living microbes to detect specific substances through measurable signals. These devices consist of two main components: biosensing organisms and signal-transducing elements. Biosensing organisms, such as Escherichia coli or Saccharomyces cerevisiae, are typically housed in multiwell plates connected to transducers, enabling rapid, real-time detection of target analytes.Signal Generation MechanismWhen a target analyte—such as...
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Bioplastics derived from microbial processes present a sustainable alternative to conventional petroleum-based plastics. Among these, polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs), particularly polyhydroxybutyrates (PHBs), have emerged as prominent candidates due to their biodegradability and biocompatibility. These polymers are synthesized by a variety of bacteria, such as Cupriavidus necator and Pseudomonas putida, which naturally accumulate PHAs as intracellular carbon and energy reserves, especially under...
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The glycocalyx is a carbohydrate-rich, fuzzy-appearing layer on the outer surface of the cell membrane. It is highly hydrophilic, because of this it attracts large amounts of water to the cell's surface. This aids the cell's interaction with the watery environment and also helps it to obtain substances dissolved in the water. It is also important for cell identification, self/non-self determination, and embryonic development and is used in cell-to-cell attachments to form tissues.
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Protein glycosylation starts in the ER lumen and continues in the Golgi apparatus. Glycosyltransferases catalyze the addition of sugar molecules or glycosylation of proteins. Usually, these enzymes add sugars to the hydroxyl groups of selected serine or threonine residues to form O-linked glycans or the amino groups of asparagine residues to form N-linked glycans. Different positions on the same polypeptide chain can contain differently linked glycans.
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Automated Modular High Throughput Exopolysaccharide Screening Platform Coupled with Highly Sensitive Carbohydrate Fingerprint Analysis
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Automated Modular High Throughput Exopolysaccharide Screening Platform Coupled with Highly Sensitive Carbohydrate Fingerprint Analysis

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Microbial exo-polysaccharides for biomedical applications.

I-L Shih1

  • 1Department of Environmental Engineering, Da-Yeh University, Chang-Hwa, Taiwan. ils@mail.dyu.edu.tw

Mini Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry
|October 13, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Microbial exopolysaccharides, including ionic heteropolysaccharides and neutral homopolysaccharides, are extensively researched for their diverse applications. These biopolymers offer unique properties valuable in pharmacy, medicine, and various biomedical fields.

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Automated Modular High Throughput Exopolysaccharide Screening Platform Coupled with Highly Sensitive Carbohydrate Fingerprint Analysis
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08:43

OLIgo Mass Profiling (OLIMP) of Extracellular Polysaccharides

Published on: June 20, 2010

Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology and Polymer Science
  • Biomaterials Engineering

Background:

  • Microbial exopolysaccharides (EPS) are extracellular polymers produced by microorganisms.
  • Research into EPS production and applications has intensified over recent decades.
  • EPS encompass diverse structures, including ionic heteropolysaccharides and neutral homopolysaccharides.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the production and applications of microbial exopolysaccharides.
  • To highlight the physiochemical properties that enable their use in medicine and pharmacy.
  • To survey the broad range of current and developing biomedical applications.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of scientific publications on microbial exopolysaccharides.
  • Analysis of structural diversity and physiochemical properties of EPS.
  • Categorization of EPS applications across various medical and pharmaceutical domains.

Main Results:

  • A wide array of microbial exopolysaccharides are commercially available or under development.
  • The structural diversity of EPS correlates with a broad spectrum of physiochemical properties.
  • Numerous applications exist in ophthalmology, orthopedics, tissue engineering, and drug delivery.

Conclusions:

  • Microbial exopolysaccharides represent a versatile class of biomaterials.
  • Their unique properties facilitate diverse applications in advanced medical and pharmaceutical fields.
  • Continued research promises further innovation in harnessing EPS for therapeutic and regenerative medicine.