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Investigating object representations during change detection in human extrastriate cortex.

D Samuel Schwarzkopf1, Juha Silvanto, Sharon Gilaie-Dotan

  • 1Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, 17 Queen Square, London, UK. s.schwarzkopf@fil.ion.ucl.ac.uk

The European Journal of Neuroscience
|October 16, 2010
PubMed
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The lateral occipital (LO) cortex retains a visual stimulus trace, aiding change detection across disruptions. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) over LO improved performance by reducing false alarms, indicating its role in sustained visual representation.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Visual Perception
  • Cognitive Psychology

Background:

  • Detecting visual changes during disruptions like saccades or flicker is challenging.
  • A persistent neural trace is required to identify stimulus changes across visual disruptions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if human extrastriate visual cortex regions, specifically the lateral occipital (LO) cortex and occipital face area, maintain neuronal representations of visual stimuli.
  • To determine the role of these sustained representations in detecting stimulus changes after a disruption.

Main Methods:

  • Participants viewed visual stimuli with objects, interrupted by a brief flicker (visual disruption).
  • Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) was applied over the LO cortex and occipital face area during the flicker.

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  • Behavioral performance (sensitivity and response bias) in detecting object changes was measured.

    • Main Results:

    • The lateral occipital (LO) cortex, but not the occipital face area, was found to contain a sustained representation of the visual stimulus.
    • TMS applied over the LO cortex significantly improved change detection sensitivity and response bias.
    • TMS selectively reduced false alarms, suggesting enhanced object repetition detection.

    Conclusions:

    • Neuronal signals in the human LO cortex carry a sustained neural trace essential for detecting stimulus repetition.
    • This sustained representation in the LO cortex is crucial for overcoming visual disruptions and accurately perceiving changes.