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Related Concept Videos

Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling01:31

Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling

Osteoclasts are cells responsible for bone resorption and remodeling. They originate from hematopoietic progenitor cells present in the bone marrow. Numerous progenitor cells fuse to form multinucleated cells, each with 10-20 nuclei. A single osteoclast has a diameter of 150 to 200 µM. These cells have ruffled borders that break down the underlying bone tissue and release minerals such as calcium into the blood in bone resorption. Osteoclasts cling to bones with their ruffled edges during bone...
Bone Remodeling01:40

Bone Remodeling

Bone remodeling is a continuous and balanced process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In adults, it helps maintain bone mass and calcium homeostasis. While mechanical stress can stimulate turnover as part of the normal maintenance and reparative process, several hormones also regulate bone remodeling.
Bone Disorders01:29

Bone Disorders

Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...
Role of Vitamins in Maintaining Bone Health01:25

Role of Vitamins in Maintaining Bone Health

The growth and maintenance of bone are regulated by a combination of nutritional factors, including vitamins, such as vitamin A, B12, C, D, and K.
Vitamin A
Vitamin A is involved in the process of bone remodeling. Retinoic acid, the active metabolite of Vitamin A, has nuclear receptors in osteoblasts and osteoclasts, which are involved in bone remodeling.
Vitamin B12
Vitamin B12 acts as a cofactor during the formation of osteoblast-related proteins, such as osteocalcin. Vitamin B12 plays a role...
Bone Remodeling and Repair01:31

Bone Remodeling and Repair

Osteoclasts are cells responsible for bone resorption and remodeling. They originate from hematopoietic progenitor cells present in the bone marrow. Numerous progenitor cells fuse to form multinucleated cells, each with 10-20 nuclei. A single osteoclast has a diameter of 150 to 200 µM. These cells have ruffled borders that break down the underlying bone tissue and release minerals such as calcium into the blood in bone resorption. Osteoclasts cling to bones with their ruffled edges during bone...
Hormones and Bone Tissue01:17

Hormones and Bone Tissue

The endocrine system produces and secretes hormones, which interact with the skeletal system. These hormones control bone growth, maintain bone once it is formed, and remodel it.
Hormones That Influence Osteoblasts and/or Maintain the Matrix
Several hormones are necessary for controlling bone growth and maintaining the bone matrix. The pituitary gland secretes growth hormone (GH), which, as its name implies, controls bone growth. This happens in several ways: first, it triggers chondrocyte...

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Related Experiment Videos

Recent advances in managing osteoporosis.

Claudia Gagnon1, Peter R Ebeling

  • 1Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Western Hospital Gordon Street, Footscray, 3011 Australia.

F1000 Medicine Reports
|October 16, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Osteoporosis, a condition causing fractures and increasing mortality, is often overlooked. The FRAX tool and new therapies aim to improve fracture risk assessment and patient compliance, potentially reducing the disease burden.

Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Orthopedics
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Osteoporosis is a prevalent skeletal disorder linked to significant morbidity and mortality.
  • A substantial number of individuals with osteoporotic fractures remain undiagnosed and untreated.
  • Bone quality assessment and improved therapeutic strategies are crucial for managing this widespread condition.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the under-recognition of osteoporosis and its associated fracture risks.
  • To introduce the World Health Organization's FRAX tool for assessing absolute fracture risk.
  • To discuss emerging modalities for bone quality assessment and therapeutic advancements.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on osteoporosis diagnosis and management.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Introduction of the FRAX (World Health Organization Fracture Risk Assessment Tool).
  • Discussion of novel methods for evaluating bone quality and new therapeutic options.

    • Main Results:

    • Osteoporosis diagnosis and treatment rates remain suboptimal despite available tools.
    • The FRAX tool provides a standardized method for identifying individuals at high risk of fracture.
    • Advancements in assessing bone quality and therapeutic compliance offer potential for better patient outcomes.

    Conclusions:

    • Improved recognition and treatment of osteoporosis are essential to reduce patient morbidity and mortality.
    • The FRAX tool is a valuable instrument for risk stratification in osteoporosis management.
    • Integrating bone quality assessment and enhanced therapies can mitigate the growing burden of osteoporosis.