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Antimalarial cutaneous side effects: a study in 209 users.

Thelma Skare¹, Camila Ferrari Ribeiro, Fernanda H M Souza

¹Department of Medicine, University Evangelic Hospital of Curitiba, Curitiba, Brazil. tskare@onda.com.br

Cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology

|October 19, 2010

Summary

Antimalarial drugs frequently cause skin issues, with dry skin and hyperpigmentation being most common. Allergic reactions requiring drug cessation occurred in a small percentage of users.

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Area of Science:

Dermatology
Pharmacology
Rheumatology

Background:

Antimalarial drugs are widely prescribed for conditions like rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus.
These medications are known to potentially cause adverse effects, particularly on the skin.

Purpose of the Study:

To determine the frequency of skin side effects in individuals using antimalarial medications.
To identify the specific types of cutaneous manifestations associated with antimalarial drug use.

Main Methods:

A study involving 209 antimalarial users (127 with SLE, 82 with RA) and 200 controls.
Data collection included questionnaires on demographics, drug details, and skin complaints, supplemented by dermatological examination.

Main Results:

Cutaneous findings were observed in 76% of antimalarial users.
The most prevalent side effects were xerosis (dry skin) and hyperpigmentation. Allergic reactions leading to drug discontinuation occurred in 4.8% of users.
Xerosis and hyperpigmentation were significantly more common in antimalarial users compared to controls.

Conclusions:

Skin side effects are a common occurrence among patients using antimalarial drugs.
Xerosis and skin hyperpigmentation represent the most frequent dermatological adverse events associated with these medications.