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Herpes simplex type 1 (HSV‑1) is a widespread pathogen responsible for orolabial lesions. It is an enveloped, double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) virus belonging to the family Herpesviridae. Once the virus infects a host cell, its double‑stranded DNA genome is delivered into the nucleus, where a coordinated cascade of immediate‑early, early, and late gene expression directs viral DNA replication, structural protein synthesis, and virion assembly. After primary infection of epithelial cells, HSV-1...
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Herpes associated erythema multiforme annularis concentricum.

C M Kuldeep1, J Saraswat, H Sharma

  • 1Department of Skin, STD and Leprosy, SMS Medical College, Jaipur - 302 004, India, .

Indian Journal of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology
|October 19, 2010
PubMed
Summary

A case study shows a young man developed erythema multiforme (EM) lesions, possibly linked to HSV-1 infection. While zinc therapy helped heal the EM, it led to subsequent concentric depigmentation.

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Erythema multiforme (EM) is an acute, immune-mediated condition.
  • Recurrent herpes labialis is a common trigger for EM.
  • The presentation of EM can vary, sometimes with unusual sequelae.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report a case of erythema multiforme in a young man.
  • To investigate the potential link between HSV-1 infection and EM.
  • To describe the treatment response and subsequent skin changes.

Main Methods:

  • Clinical observation of skin lesions over eight weeks.
  • Review of patient's past medical history for recurrent herpes labialis.
  • Serological testing for anti-HSV-1 IgG antibodies.
  • Histopathological examination of an active skin lesion.
  • Assessment of response to symptomatic treatment and oral zinc therapy.

Main Results:

  • The patient presented with large, concentric plaques on the back and forearms.
  • Elevated serum anti-HSV-1 IgG titre (32 micrograms/l) was detected.
  • Histopathology was suggestive of erythema multiforme.
  • EM lesions resolved with symptomatic treatment and oral zinc.
  • Concentric depigmentation occurred after lesion healing.

Conclusions:

  • Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) infection may be associated with erythema multiforme.
  • Oral zinc therapy can be effective in managing EM lesions.
  • Concentric depigmentation can be a late-onset complication following EM healing.