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Leishmaniasis

Leishmaniasis

Leishmaniasis is a protozoal disease caused by species of the genus Leishmania and transmitted through the bite of infected female sandflies. The parasite exists in two principal morphological forms during its life cycle. A sandfly acquires intracellular amastigotes from an infected reservoir host, such as a dog. Within the sandfly, these forms differentiate into motile, flagellated promastigotes. During a subsequent blood meal, promastigotes are injected into the human host, where they...

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Leishmaniasis is a widespread parasitic disease caused by several Leishmania species. It affects millions of people each year and remains a major public health problem in endemic regions. First-line treatment relies on pentavalent antimonials, including meglumine antimoniate and sodium stibogluconate. Even so, how these drugs work has not been fully clear, especially their interaction with parasite-specific biochemical pathways. One key target is trypanothione reductase (TR), an enzyme that...

Rabies

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Rabies is a lethal zoonotic disease caused by a single-stranded, negative-sense RNA virus of the Lyssavirus genus, within the family Rhabdoviridae. Its primary mode of transmission to humans is through bites or saliva-contaminated scratches from infected mammals such as dogs, bats, raccoons, or foxes. Transmission can also occur if infectious saliva contacts abraded skin or intact mucous membranes, including the conjunctiva.Viral Entry and Early ReplicationOnce introduced at the bite or scratch...

American Trypanosomiasis

American Trypanosomiasis

Chagas disease, or American trypanosomiasis, is a vector-borne parasitic infection caused by Trypanosoma cruzi, a flagellated protozoan (kinetoplastid) of the family Trypanosomatidae. The disease is endemic in Latin America, although cases are increasingly reported worldwide due to human migration. Transmission most commonly occurs when feces of infected triatomine bugs contaminate bite wounds or mucosal surfaces; additional routes include congenital, transfusional, transplant-related, and oral...

Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever

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Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever (RMSF) is a severe tick-borne illness caused by Rickettsia rickettsii, a Gram-negative, coccobacillary bacterium. This pathogen is an obligate intracellular parasite, requiring a host cell for replication. Transmission occurs through the bite of an infected tick. In the United States, the most important vectors are Dermacentor variabilis (American dog tick) and Dermacentor andersoni (Rocky Mountain wood tick), though other tick species may also serve as vectors.

Bacterial Phylum Spirochaetes

Bacterial Phylum Spirochaetes

Spirochetes, unique bacteria in the phylum Spirochaetes, are gram-negative, motile, tightly coiled, slender, and flexible. They inhabit aquatic sediments and animals, with some causing diseases like syphilis. Spirochetes are classified into eight genera based on habitat, pathogenicity, phylogeny, and characteristics.Their distinctive motility arises from endoflagella, located within the cell’s periplasm. These endoflagella anchor at the cell poles and extend along the cell length, encased by a...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 8, 2026

In Vivo Imaging of Leishmania infantum-infected Hamsters by Gingival Inoculation of Axenic Amastigotes Expressing Luciferase

In Vivo Imaging of Leishmania infantum-infected Hamsters by Gingival Inoculation of Axenic Amastigotes Expressing Luciferase

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Lip leishmaniasis.

S Criton¹, P K Sridevi, P U Asokan

¹Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Medical college Hosptial, M G Kavu, Thrissur - 680596, India, .

Indian Journal of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology

|October 19, 2010

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This case study describes a rare instance of lip leishmaniasis in a 36-year-old male. The condition exclusively affected the lip, with no other body parts involved.

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Area of Science:

Dermatology
Infectious Diseases
Parasitology

Background:

Leishmaniasis is a parasitic disease transmitted by sandflies, typically affecting the skin, mucous membranes, or viscera.
Cutaneous leishmaniasis commonly presents with skin sores, but lip involvement as an isolated manifestation is infrequent.

Purpose of the Study:

To report a unique case of isolated labial leishmaniasis.
To highlight the clinical presentation and diagnostic considerations for this rare form of leishmaniasis.

Main Methods:

Case report detailing clinical findings.
Diagnostic procedures may include microscopic examination and/or molecular methods for parasite identification.

Main Results:

A 36-year-old male presented with leishmaniasis solely affecting the lip.
No evidence of disseminated or other localized leishmanial involvement was observed.

Conclusions:

Isolated leishmaniasis of the lip is a rare clinical presentation.
Clinicians should consider leishmaniasis in the differential diagnosis of persistent lip lesions, even in the absence of other symptoms.