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Cancer Stem Cells and Tumor Maintenance

Cancer Stem Cells and Tumor Maintenance

Early diagnosis and treatment can often cure cancer. However, even with treatment, residual cells called cancer stem cells (CSC) might remain, often causing tumor recurrence. These cancer stem cells possess the potential for self-renewal and multi-lineage differentiation and are often responsible for the therapeutic resistance displayed in most cancers.
Cancer stem cells are thought to originate from tissue-specific normal stem cells or progenitor cells. The normal stem cells usually reside in...

Cancer Stem Cells and Tumor Maintenance

Cancer Stem Cells and Tumor Maintenance

Early diagnosis and treatment can often cure cancer. However, even with treatment, residual cells called cancer stem cells (CSC) might remain, often causing tumor recurrence. These cancer stem cells possess the potential for self-renewal and multi-lineage differentiation and are often responsible for the therapeutic resistance displayed in most cancers.
Cancer stem cells are thought to originate from tissue-specific normal stem cells or progenitor cells. The normal stem cells usually reside in...

Distinctive Features of Adult Stem Cells vs Cancer Stem Cells

Distinctive Features of Adult Stem Cells vs Cancer Stem Cells

A stem cell is an unspecialized cell that can divide without limit as needed and can, under specific conditions, differentiate into specialized cells.
Adult stem cells
Adult stem cells are tissue-specific; hence, they divide to develop the tissue from which they originate. One type of adult stem cell is the epithelial stem cell, which gives rise to the keratinocytes in the multiple layers of epithelial cells in the epidermis of the skin. Adult bone marrow has three distinct types of stem cells:...

Stem Cell Therapy for Tissue Regeneration

Stem Cell Therapy for Tissue Regeneration

Stem cell therapy is a method used in regenerative medicine to repair and restore function to damaged tissues and organs. Stem cells have the potential to proliferate and differentiate into various tissue types, making them ideal candidates for tissue regeneration. For example, hematopoietic stem cell transplants are commonly used in blood cancer treatment to replenish damaged bone marrow and restore healthy blood cells.
Types of Stem Cells used in Stem Cell Therapy
The two main cell types that...

Renewal of Intestinal Stem Cells

Renewal of Intestinal Stem Cells

The intestinal epithelial lining rapidly renews every 4 to 5 days. The renewal is facilitated by intestinal stem cells (ISCs) located at the base of the crypt– a gland located at the bottom of each villus. ISCs divide asymmetrically to form new stem cells and progenitor daughter cells. The daughter cells are called transit-amplifying (TA) cells which move upwards along the crypt and either differentiate into absorptive cells– the enterocytes or secretory cells– including the goblet,...

Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are adult stem cells that can differentiate into most connective tissue cell types, except for hematopoietic cells, depending upon the source of MSCs. For example, bone-marrow-derived MSCs (BM-MSCs) can differentiate into osteocytes, hepatocytes, and pancreatic and neuronal cells. MSCs can be isolated from various sources such as bone marrow, placenta, adipose tissue, teeth, and Wharton’s jelly, a gelatinous substance in the umbilical cord. The ease of their access...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 8, 2026

An Orthotopic Bladder Cancer Model for Gene Delivery Studies

An Orthotopic Bladder Cancer Model for Gene Delivery Studies

Published on: December 1, 2013

Bladder cancer stem cells.

Mai N Tran¹, G Goodwin Jinesh, David J McConkey

¹Departments of Urology and Cancer Biology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA.

Current Stem Cell Research & Therapy

|October 20, 2010

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) drive bladder cancer development and recurrence. Understanding CSCs in bladder cancer offers new therapeutic strategies for improved patient outcomes.

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Culture of Bladder Cancer Organoids as Precision Medicine Tools

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Last Updated: Jun 8, 2026

An Orthotopic Bladder Cancer Model for Gene Delivery Studies

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Published on: December 1, 2013

Culture of Bladder Cancer Organoids as Precision Medicine Tools

Culture of Bladder Cancer Organoids as Precision Medicine Tools

Published on: December 28, 2021

Area of Science:

Oncology
Stem Cell Biology

Background:

Stem cells are crucial for tissue regeneration and homeostasis.
The cancer stem cell (CSC) hypothesis posits that cancers arise from a subset of cells with stem-like properties.
CSCs are implicated in tumor initiation, progression, metastasis, and therapeutic resistance across various cancers.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the CSC hypothesis and its application to bladder cancer.
To explain the development of noninvasive and invasive bladder cancers through the lens of CSCs.
To explore methods for identifying bladder cancer CSCs and their therapeutic potential.

Main Methods:

Literature review of the CSC hypothesis.
Application of CSC concepts to bladder cancer biology.
Examination of potential CSC identification techniques and therapeutic strategies.

Main Results:

CSCs are proposed to be responsible for initiating and propagating bladder tumors.
Phenotypically similar cells to normal urothelial stem cells have been identified in bladder cancers.
The CSC model provides a framework for understanding bladder cancer heterogeneity and progression.

Conclusions:

The CSC hypothesis offers a unifying explanation for bladder cancer development, including superficial and invasive types.
Identifying and targeting bladder cancer CSCs presents promising avenues for novel therapeutic interventions.
Further research is needed to fully elucidate the role of CSCs and develop effective CSC-targeting therapies for bladder cancer.