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Related Concept Videos

Cirrhosis I: Introduction01:23

Cirrhosis I: Introduction

Cirrhosis is a chronic, irreversible liver disease characterized by the widespread replacement of healthy liver tissue with fibrotic scar tissue and the formation of regenerative nodules.Etiology of cirrhosisCirrhosis results from sustained liver injury that triggers progressive fibrosis and structural remodeling. The underlying causes are diverse, encompassing common and less frequent clinical conditions. Regardless of the origin, all causes lead to chronic inflammation, hepatocyte loss, and...
Cirrhosis II: Pathophysiology01:24

Cirrhosis II: Pathophysiology

Cirrhosis is a progressive chronic liver injury caused by prolonged inflammation, excessive fibrotic remodeling, and impaired regeneration. Over time, repeated hepatic insults disrupt the liver’s architecture and function, leading to reduced blood flow, impaired bile drainage, and diminished metabolic capacity.Pathophysiology of cirrhosisCirrhosis arises from three main responses to chronic liver damage: inflammation, immune activation, and hepatocyte death. These processes lead to structural...
Liver Regeneration01:24

Liver Regeneration

The liver is an important organ in vertebrates that plays an essential role in metabolism. It is also responsible for storing and redistributing nutrients such as carbohydrates, fats, and vitamins in the body. Additionally, the liver releases bile salts which are critical for digesting food and eliminating toxic metabolites from the body.
Cells of Liver
The liver comprises four major types of cells— hepatocytes, stellate, Kupffer, and sinusoidal endothelial cells. The hepatocytes are large...
Hepatitis01:25

Hepatitis

Hepatitis is an inflammatory condition of the liver most commonly caused by hepatotropic viruses (A–E), though non-infectious causes such as alcohol and drugs also exist.Hepatitis AHepatitis A virus (HAV) is a non-enveloped RNA virus of the Picornaviridae family. It is primarily transmitted via the fecal-oral route, typically through ingestion of contaminated food or water. After ingestion, HAV enters the bloodstream through the oropharynx or intestinal epithelium and reaches the liver. The...
Diseases of the Liver and Gallbladder01:26

Diseases of the Liver and Gallbladder

Liver and gallbladder diseases are a significant health concern, with prominent conditions including cirrhosis, hepatitis, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and gallstones. Jaundice is a common manifestation of liver and biliary disease.
Cirrhosis is characterized by the scarring of hepatic lobules in the liver, which are replaced by fibrous tissue, affecting the liver's normal functioning. NAFLD, on the other hand, is caused by an excessive build-up of fat in the liver, not related to...

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Related Experiment Video

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Generation of Subcutaneous and Intrahepatic Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma Xenografts in Immunodeficient Mice
10:35

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Published on: September 25, 2013

Inherited hepatocellular carcinoma.

Augusto Villanueva1, Pippa Newell, Yujin Hoshida

  • 1HCC Translational Research Laboratory, Barcelona-Clinic Liver Cancer Group, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Liver Unit, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain. augusto.villanueva@ciberehd.org

Best Practice & Research. Clinical Gastroenterology
|October 20, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Inherited liver disorders increase liver cancer risk, particularly hereditary hemachromatosis (HH) with cirrhosis. Early detection and avoiding co-factors like alcohol are crucial for managing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in these patients.

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Area of Science:

  • Hepatology
  • Oncology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Inherited liver disorders can cause chronic inflammation, fibrosis, and cirrhosis, increasing the risk of liver cancer.
  • Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development and timing in rare genetic liver diseases are not well-established.
  • Hereditary hemachromatosis (HH) patients with cirrhosis have a 4% annual HCC incidence.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize the risk of HCC in patients with inherited liver disorders.
  • To discuss management strategies and outcomes for HCC in this population.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on inherited liver diseases and HCC.
  • Analysis of HCC incidence in hereditary hemachromatosis.
  • Discussion of risk factors and treatment implications.

Main Results:

  • HCC risk is elevated in inherited liver disorders, with specific data for HH.
  • Co-existing risk factors like alcoholism and viral hepatitis may amplify oncogenic potential.
  • Patients with inherited liver disease and HCC often present at advanced stages, impacting survival.

Conclusions:

  • Genetic liver disorders necessitate counseling to avoid environmental liver injury.
  • Management of HCC in inherited liver disease follows general principles but faces challenges due to advanced presentation.
  • Survival rates for HCC are generally poorer in patients with inherited liver disease compared to other etiologies.