On-line 'automatic pilot' training for hand and arm motor rehabilitation after stroke

As stroke being one of the most leading causes of death worldwide, even stroke survivors have to suffer from dysfunctions of limb controls and inabilities of speech or vision. Cognitive neuroscientists have found various forms of automatic behaviours in healthy people, which generally cover motor components of upper limbs and are essential for coordination and mobility relevant activities. Meanwhile, the robot-assisted therapy and functional electrical stimulation have become prominent rehabilitation techniques for patients' rehabilitation after stroke. With the integration of robot-aided therapeutic systems and the functional electrical stimulation, the on-line 'automatic pilot' training of the visual inspired stimulation for upper limbs can offer a feasible treatment for patients after stroke to recover motor performance.