[Modern specificity of surgical infection of bones and joints in children]

A comparative study of frequency, structure and specific features of the clinical course was fulfilled in 2456 children with surgical infection of bones and joints (SIBJ) in the period from 1970 to 1985 and 1986 to 2006. The work used clinical, instrumental, radiation, laboratory, microbiological, immunological and statistical methods of investigations. Specific features of SIBJ in children at the present time are: 1) pathomorphosis of hematogenic osteomyelitis; 2) the appearance of previously not noted new forms of SIBJ--fetal osteomyelitis and arthritis, chronic recurring multifocal osteomyelitis, syndrome SAPHO and increasing frequency of previously rare BCG-osteomyelitis, exogenous osteomyelitis, sacroiliitis and inervertebral disciitis; 3) widening the spectrum of SIBJ pathogens with an increasing significance of involutionary forms of bacteria, elevation of their resistence to antibiotics and antiseptics, increase of the factors promoting the development of immunodeficient states in childhood.