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Crop cultivation has a long history in human civilization, with records showing the cultivation of cereal plants beginning at around 8000 BC. This early plant breeding was developed primarily to provide a steady supply of food.

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A gap analysis methodology for collecting crop genepools: a case study with phaseolus beans.

Julián Ramírez-Villegas¹, Colin Khoury, Andy Jarvis

¹Decision and Policy Analysis Program, International Center for Tropical Agriculture, Cali, Colombia. j.r.villegas@cgiar.org

|October 27, 2010

Summary

A new gap analysis method identifies priority crop wild relatives for ex situ conservation. This approach aids efficient collection of vital genetic resources, safeguarding future crop improvement efforts.

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Area of Science:

Plant genetics
Conservation biology
Agricultural science

Background:

Crop wild relatives are crucial for improving cultivated crops.
Ex situ collections are vital for preserving these genetic resources.
Threats like habitat destruction necessitate efficient conservation strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and apply a gap analysis method for identifying under-represented crop wild relatives in ex situ collections.
To guide targeted and effective collecting activities for plant genetic resources.

Main Methods:

Prioritization of taxa based on sampling, geographic, and environmental gaps.
Application of the methodology to the wild Phaseolus genepool.
Identification of priority taxa and geographic "hotspots" for collection.

Main Results:

56.5% of Phaseolus wild taxa were assigned high priority for collection due to under-representation.
17 taxa received medium priority, 15 low priority, and 5 were adequately represented.
Priority collecting areas were concentrated in central Mexico, with additional regions for narrow endemic species.

Conclusions:

The gap analysis method aligns well with expert opinion on ex situ collection deficiencies.
Incorporating threat factors and breeding utility can refine prioritization.
Overlaying results across multiple crop genepools enables global analysis of plant genetic resource gaps.