Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 7, 2026

Field Experiments of Pollination Ecology: The Case of Lycoris sanguinea var. sanguinea
Published on: November 25, 2016
Reconnecting plants and pollinators: challenges in the restoration of pollination mutualisms
Myles H M Menz1, Ryan D Phillips, Rachael Winfree
1Botanic Gardens and Parks Authority, Kings Park and Botanic Garden, Fraser Avenue, West Perth 6005, Australia. myles.menz@bgpa.wa.gov.au
Abstract:
Ecological restoration of plant-pollinator interactions has received surprisingly little attention, despite animal-mediated pollination underpinning reproduction of the majority of higher plants. Here, we offer a conceptual and practical framework for the ecological restoration of pollination mutualisms. Through the use of targeted restoration plantings to attract and sustain pollinators and increased knowledge of the ecological requirements of pollinators, we propose that pollination could be successfully restored in degraded ecosystems. The challenge for pollination biologists is to integrate their findings with those of plant restoration ecologists to ensure sustainable pollination in restored ecosystems.
Related Concept Videos
Pollination and Flower Structure
Epiphytes, Parasites, and Carnivores
Microbial Interactions: Mutualism
Microbe-Plant Interactions
The Roles of Bacteria and Fungi in Plant Nutrition
Symbiosis

