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Neuropsychologic outcome after craniofacial fracture
M M Wood1, P L Reilly, D J David
1Flinders University of South Australia.
The Journal of Craniofacial Surgery
|October 1, 1990
Summary
Facial trauma can cause subtle neuropsychological deficits, particularly with cranial fractures. Early Glasgow Coma Score predicts long-term social adjustment and personality changes following injury.
Area of Science:
- Neurosurgery
- Psychology
- Trauma Care
Background:
- Facial fractures from trauma are common.
- Standard treatment exists for facial fractures.
- Complications like CSF rhinorrhea may require craniotomy.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess long-term neuropsychological deficits after facial trauma.
- To evaluate the impact of trauma on personality and social adjustment.
- To identify predictors of neuropsychological impairment and maladjustment.
Main Methods:
- Neuropsychological assessments were performed on 48 patients with facial fractures.
- Personality and social adjustment were evaluated approximately 17 months post-injury.
- Correlation between injury type, severity (Glasgow Coma Score), and outcomes was analyzed.
Main Results:
- Four patients showed no neuropsychological impairment.
- Deficits were more pronounced in patients with associated cranial fractures.
- Loss of consciousness correlated with poor social adjustment and personality changes.
- Glasgow Coma Score was the best predictor of neuropsychological deficits and social maladjustment.
Conclusions:
- Subtle neuropsychological deficits following facial trauma may go undetected without careful assessment.
- Early assessment using the Glasgow Coma Score is crucial for predicting long-term outcomes.
- Neuropsychological evaluation is vital for patients with facial fractures, especially those with cranial involvement.