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Related Experiment Videos

[Granular CALLA-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia].

L De Salvo Cardullo1, J Weir Madina, O Gómez Sánchez

  • 1Instituto Hematológico de Occidente-Banco de Sangre del Estado Zulia, Maracaibo, Venezuela.

Investigacion Clinica
|January 1, 1990
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Granular acute lymphoblastic leukemia (G-ALL) presents a diagnostic challenge. This case highlights a CALLA-positive G-ALL misdiagnosed as AML without careful immunophenotyping and cytochemistry.

Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Oncology
  • Pediatric Oncology

Background:

  • Distinguishing acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) from acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML) is crucial for treatment.
  • Granules in blast cells are typically indicative of AML, but granular ALL (G-ALL) has been described.

Observation:

  • A 5-year-old girl presented with 98% lymphoblasts, 30% with prominent azurophilic granules.
  • Granules were negative for myeloperoxidase and acid phosphatase but positive for naphthyl acetate esterase.
  • Sudan black B staining showed 5% positive granules, and 60% of blasts were periodic acid-Schiff positive.

Findings:

  • Immunophenotyping revealed CD10 (CALLA) and Dr antigen expression, with negativity for B-cell and myeloid markers.
  • The patient responded well to standard ALL chemotherapy (vincristine, prednisone, L-asparaginase).

Related Experiment Videos

  • This case was diagnosed as CALLA-positive G-ALL, distinct from AML.

    • Implications:

    • Accurate diagnosis of G-ALL is essential to avoid misclassification as AML.
    • Immunophenotyping and specific cytochemical stains are vital for differentiating G-ALL from AML.
    • This case underscores the importance of comprehensive diagnostic evaluation in pediatric leukemias.