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Related Concept Videos

The Hall Effect01:30

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Edwin H. Hall, in the year 1879, devised an experiment that could be used to identify the polarity of the predominant charge carriers in a conducting material. From a historical perspective, this experiment was the first to demonstrate that the charge carriers in most metals are negative.
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A Hall sensor array for internal current profile constraint.

M W Bongard1, R J Fonck, B T Lewicki

  • 1Department of Engineering Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA. mbongard@wisc.edu

The Review of Scientific Instruments
|November 2, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new Hall effect sensor array directly measures internal magnetic fields in plasma, enabling accurate current profile determination for challenging plasma stability theories. This advancement aids in understanding edge-localized peeling mode instabilities.

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Area of Science:

  • Plasma physics
  • Magnetohydrodynamics
  • Fusion energy research

Background:

  • Accurate internal magnetic field measurements are crucial for understanding plasma behavior and stability.
  • Current profiles are essential for validating magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) stability theories in magnetically confined plasmas.
  • Edge-localized instabilities, such as peeling modes, significantly impact plasma confinement and performance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and implement a novel diagnostic for direct measurement of internal magnetic field (B) distributions in plasmas.
  • To enable accurate determination of plasma current density (J) profiles for advanced stability analysis.
  • To investigate the role of current profiles in edge-localized peeling mode instabilities within the Pegasus Toroidal Experiment.

Main Methods:

  • Construction of a 16-channel linear array of indium antimonide (InSb) Hall effect sensors with 7.5 mm spatial resolution.
  • Integration of the sensor array into an electrically isolated vacuum assembly with a low-Z graphite plasma-facing component.
  • In situ cross-calibration against existing magnetic pickup coils for absolute sensor calibration.
  • Acquisition of internal magnetic field measurements (B(z)(R,t)) with sensitivities of ~0.25 mT and bandwidths up to 25 kHz.

Main Results:

  • Successful direct measurement of internal magnetic field distributions (B(z)(R,t)) without significant plasma perturbation.
  • Determination of plasma current density (J(ψ,t)) profiles based on measured magnetic fields.
  • Resolution of n=1 internal magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) activity.
  • Observation of systematic variations in current density profiles under different plasma stability conditions.

Conclusions:

  • The developed Hall effect sensor array provides a reliable method for measuring internal magnetic fields in fusion plasmas.
  • The diagnostic enables accurate current profile reconstruction, essential for challenging and advancing plasma stability theories.
  • Measurements contribute to a better understanding of edge-localized peeling modes and their impact on plasma confinement.