Photorelease techniques for raising or lowering intracellular Ca(2+)

Area of Science:

• Cell Biology
• Biochemistry
• Biophysics

Background:

• Intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca(2+)](i)) regulates numerous cellular processes.
• Precise manipulation of [Ca(2+)](i) is crucial for understanding calcium-dependent cell functions.

Purpose of the Study:

• To provide a comprehensive overview of photosensitive calcium chelators.
• To guide the selection of appropriate chelators and light-based methods for manipulating [Ca(2+)](i).

Main Methods:

• Summarizes major classes of photosensitive calcium chelators.
• Discusses physicochemical properties, calculation of effects, light source selection, and cell loading techniques.
• Details methods for spatial restriction and measurement of [Ca(2+)](i) changes.

Main Results:

• Categorizes chelators based on their ability to elevate or reduce [Ca(2+)](i).
• Provides guidance on calculating the magnitude and kinetics of light-induced [Ca(2+)](i) changes.
• Describes practical aspects of experimental design and execution.

Conclusions:

• Effective use of photosensitive chelators requires careful consideration of substance properties and experimental conditions.
• This review facilitates informed choices for specific research applications in cell biology.
• Highlights diverse biological applications of controlled intracellular calcium modulation.